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NVD / CVE Program· CNA redhat

CVE-2025-9820: Gnutls: stack-based buffer overflow in gnutls_pkcs11_token_init() function

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 16/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.22% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: gnutls (AlmaLinux:10) 3.8.10-3.el10_1; gnutls-c++ (AlmaLinux:10) 3.8.10-3.el10_1; gnutls-dane (AlmaLinux:10) 3.8.10-3.el10_1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to gnutls (AlmaLinux:10) 3.8.10-3.el10_1; gnutls-c++ (AlmaLinux:10) 3.8.10-3.el10_1; gnutls-dane (AlmaLinux:10) 3.8.10-3.el10_1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A flaw was found in the GnuTLS library, specifically in the gnutls_pkcs11_token_init() function that handles PKCS#11 token initialization. When a token label longer than expected is processed, the function writes past the end of a fixed-size stack buffer. This programming error can cause the application using GnuTLS to crash or, in certain conditions, be exploited for code execution. As a result, systems or applications relying on GnuTLS may be vulnerable to a denial of service or local privilege escalation attacks.

MediumCVSS 4.0 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jan 26, 2026
Updated
Oct 14, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 12th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

16

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
16 / 40 · 4.0 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · redhat
4.0
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (redhat). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • gitlab.com/gnutls/gnutls gnutls

    • 3.8.1, 3.8.2, 3.8.3, 3.8.4, 3.8.5, 3.8.6, 3.8.7, 3.8.8, 3.8.9, 3.8.10affected

  • Red Hat Cert Manager support for Red Hat OpenShift release 1.18

    • 1791459707 and laternot affected · rpm
    • 1791459711 and laternot affected · rpm
    • 1791459759 and laternot affected · rpm
    • 1789029076 and laternot affected · rpm
    • 1791966259 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Ceph Storage 8

    • 1774002867 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Discovery 2

    • 1775668717 and laternot affected · rpm
    • 1775675922 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10

    • 0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6

    • all versionsaffected

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7

    • all versionsaffected

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8

    • 0:3.6.16-8.el8_10.5 and laternot affected · rpm
    • 0:3.6.16-8.el8_10.5 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9

    • 0:3.8.3-10.el9_7 and laternot affected · rpm
    • 0:3.8.3-10.el9_7 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Hardened Images

    • 3.8.12-1.1.hum1 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Insights proxy 1.5

    • 1773685509 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4

    • all versionsaffected
    • all versionsaffected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:10gnutlsbefore 3.8.10-3.el10_13.8.10-3.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10gnutls-c++before 3.8.10-3.el10_13.8.10-3.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10gnutls-danebefore 3.8.10-3.el10_13.8.10-3.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10gnutls-develbefore 3.8.10-3.el10_13.8.10-3.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10gnutls-fipsbefore 3.8.10-3.el10_13.8.10-3.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10gnutls-utilsbefore 3.8.10-3.el10_13.8.10-3.el10_1
AlmaLinux:8gnutlsbefore 3.6.16-8.el8_10.53.6.16-8.el8_10.5
AlmaLinux:8gnutls-c++before 3.6.16-8.el8_10.53.6.16-8.el8_10.5
AlmaLinux:8gnutls-danebefore 3.6.16-8.el8_10.53.6.16-8.el8_10.5
AlmaLinux:8gnutls-develbefore 3.6.16-8.el8_10.53.6.16-8.el8_10.5
AlmaLinux:8gnutls-utilsbefore 3.6.16-8.el8_10.53.6.16-8.el8_10.5
AlmaLinux:9gnutlsbefore 3.8.3-10.el9_73.8.3-10.el9_7
AlmaLinux:9gnutls-c++before 3.8.3-10.el9_73.8.3-10.el9_7
AlmaLinux:9gnutls-danebefore 3.8.3-10.el9_73.8.3-10.el9_7
AlmaLinux:9gnutls-develbefore 3.8.3-10.el9_73.8.3-10.el9_7
AlmaLinux:9gnutls-utilsbefore 3.8.3-10.el9_73.8.3-10.el9_7
Alpine:v3.20gnutlsbefore 3.8.12-r03.8.12-r0
Alpine:v3.23gnutlsbefore 3.8.11-r03.8.11-r0
Debian:11gnutls28before 3.7.1-5+deb11u93.7.1-5+deb11u9
Debian:12gnutls28before 3.7.9-2+deb12u63.7.9-2+deb12u6
Debian:13gnutls28before 3.8.9-3+deb13u13.8.9-3+deb13u1
Debian:14gnutls28before 3.8.11-33.8.11-3
openSUSE:Leap 15.6gnutlsbefore 3.8.3-150600.4.12.13.8.3-150600.4.12.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0gnutlsbefore 3.8.10-160000.2.13.8.10-160000.2.1

+52

Same product

red hat: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-10230Samba: command injection in wins server hook script
    52Plan
  • CVE-2026-4631Cockpit: cockpit: unauthenticated remote code execution due to ssh command-line argument injection
    44Plan
  • CVE-2026-76578Ipa: freeipa: freeipa: unauthenticated ldap client can obtain administrator credentials via the self-managed-token aci
    39Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-14242Jan 14, 2026 · Vsftpd: vsftpd: denial of service via integer overflow in ls command parameter parsing
    26Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-9615Jan 26, 2026 · Networkmanager: networkmanager file access
    13Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-1484Jan 27, 2026 · Glib: integer overflow leading to buffer underflow and out-of-bounds write in glib g_base64_encode()
    16Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
almalinux:gnutls3.8.10-3.el10_1 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:gnutls-c++3.8.10-3.el10_1 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:gnutls-dane3.8.10-3.el10_1 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:gnutls-devel3.8.10-3.el10_1 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:gnutls-fips3.8.10-3.el10_1 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:gnutls-utils3.8.10-3.el10_1 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
alpine:gnutls3.8.12-r0 · Alpine:v3.20Package registry (OSV)
debian:gnutls283.7.9-2+deb12u6 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:gnutls3.8.3-150600.4.12.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:gnutls0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1Package registry (OSV)
red hat:gnutls-c++0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1Package registry (OSV)
red hat:gnutls-c++-debuginfo0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1Package registry (OSV)
red hat:gnutls-dane0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1Package registry (OSV)
red hat:gnutls-dane-debuginfo0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1Package registry (OSV)
red hat:gnutls-debuginfo0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1Package registry (OSV)
red hat:gnutls-debugsource0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1Package registry (OSV)
red hat:gnutls-devel0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1Package registry (OSV)
red hat:gnutls-fips0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1Package registry (OSV)
red hat:gnutls-utils0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1Package registry (OSV)
red hat:gnutls-utils-debuginfo0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.1Package registry (OSV)
red hat:mingw32-gnutls0:3.8.12-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1Package registry (OSV)
rocky linux:gnutls0:3.8.10-3.el10_1 · Rocky Linux:10Package registry (OSV)
suse:gnutls3.8.3-150600.4.12.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:gnutls3.8.3-5.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-17617 days apartLibsoup: stack-based buffer overflow in libsoup multipart response parsingmultipart http response
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-071918 days apartLibsoup: signed to unsigned conversion error leading to stack-based buffer overflow in libsoup ntlm authentication
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-43958126 days apartRrdtool: rrdtool: stack buffer overflow allows local code execution or denial of service
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2026-112257266 days apartGimp: gimp: heap out-of-bounds read/write in psd thumbnail loader (load_resource_1033)
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2026-59692164 days apartGstreamer1-plugins-bad-free: gstreamer: dtls certificate subject dn stack buffer overflow in openssl_verify_callback
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2026-16277175 days apartRpcbind: rpcbind: stack buffer overflow in rpcinfo rpcbaddrlist()
    26Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
low · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
Low

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-121 · Stack-based Buffer Overflow

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (19 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records