CVE-2026-64424: netpoll: fix a use-after-free on shutdown path
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.12% (FIRST EPSS).
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- Fixed version: Linux Linux 45f1458a85017a023f138b22ac5c76abd477db42, 5ed09a108d93a3b002cc79823d9455b50c4a8be7, 95ecc5b58042f6b6743b589e6588f1cd7ba336aa; azl3 kernel 6.6.152.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 Release Notes; azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 Release Notes.
Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 45f1458a85017a023f138b22ac5c76abd477db42, 5ed09a108d93a3b002cc79823d9455b50c4a8be7, 95ecc5b58042f6b6743b589e6588f1cd7ba336aa; azl3 kernel 6.6.152.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 Release Notes; azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 Release Notes or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netpoll: fix a use-after-free on shutdown path There is a use-after-free error on netpoll, which is clearly detected by KASAN. BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x3b/0x80 Read of size 1 at addr ... by task kworker/9:1 Workqueue: events queue_process Call Trace: skb_dequeue+0x1e/0xb0 queue_process+0x2c/0x600 process_scheduled_works+0x4b6/0x850 worker_thread+0x414/0x5a0 Allocated by task 242: __netpoll_setup+0x201/0x4a0 netpoll_setup+0x249/0x550 enabled_store+0x32f/0x380 Freed by task 0: kfree+0x1b7/0x540 rcu_core+0x3f8/0x7a0 The problem happens when there is a pending TX worker running in parallel with the cleanup path. This is what happens on netpoll shutdown path: 1) __netpoll_cleanup() is called 2) set dev->npinfo to NULL 3) call_rcu() with rcu_cleanup_netpoll_info() 3.1) rcu_cleanup_netpoll_info() tries to cancel all workers with cancel_delayed_work(), but doesn't wait for the worker to finish 4) and kfree(npinfo); Because 3.1) doesn't really cancel the work, as the comment says "we can't call cancel_delayed_work_sync here, as we are in softirq", the TX worker can run after 4). Tl;DR: queue_process() is not an RCU reader, it reaches npinfo through the work item via container_of(). Use disable_delayed_work_sync() to ensure the worker is completely stopped and prevent any future re-arming attempts. Once npinfo is set to NULL, senders will bail out and not queue new work. The disable flag ensures any in-flight re-arming attempts also fail silently. In the future, we can do the cleanup inline here without needing the npinfo->rcu rcu_head, but that is net-next material.
- Published
- Jul 25, 2026
- Updated
- Nov 6, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.1% · 2th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-416
Report tools
Action score
31
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.1%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- linux linux kernel3.6.1 and later · before 6.12.96
- linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.18.39
- linux linux kernel6.19 and later · before 7.1.4
- linux linux kernel3.6
- linux linux kernel7.2
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Linux Linux
- 3.6affected
- 38e6bc185d9544dfad1774b3f8902a0b061aea25 and later · before b67625b85c4b1a3725f4be9c6dd8ce3399d11732affected · git
- 38e6bc185d9544dfad1774b3f8902a0b061aea25 and later · before 95ecc5b58042f6b6743b589e6588f1cd7ba336aaaffected · git
- 38e6bc185d9544dfad1774b3f8902a0b061aea25 and later · before a33f37f8d079da7236ed7b7e2aed2a34ab81e7cfaffected · git
- 38e6bc185d9544dfad1774b3f8902a0b061aea25 and later · before 5ed09a108d93a3b002cc79823d9455b50c4a8be7affected · git
- 38e6bc185d9544dfad1774b3f8902a0b061aea25 and later · before 45f1458a85017a023f138b22ac5c76abd477db42affected · git
- before 3.6not affected · semver
- 6.1.191 and later · up to and including 6.1.*not affected · semver
- 6.12.96 and later · up to and including 6.12.*not affected · semver
- 6.18.39 and later · up to and including 6.18.*not affected · semver
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | linux | from 0 | — |
| Debian:12 | linux-6.12 | before 6.12.100-1~deb12u1 | 6.12.100-1~deb12u1 |
| Debian:13 | linux | before 6.12.96-1 | 6.12.96-1 |
| Debian:14 | linux | before 7.1.4-1 | 7.1.4-1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | dtb-aarch64 | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-64kb | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-azure | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-default | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-default-base | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1.160000.2.29 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1.160000.2.29 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-docs | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-kvmsmall | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-obs-build | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-obs-qa | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-rt | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-source | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-syms | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | kernel-zfcpdump | before 6.12.0-160000.40.1 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_23 | before 1-150700.15.3.2 | 1-150700.15.3.2 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_22 | before 1-150700.1.3.1 | 1-150700.1.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | kernel-64kb | before 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3 | 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | kernel-default | before 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3 | 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | kernel-default-base | before 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3.150700.17.49.2 | 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3.150700.17.49.2 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | kernel-source | before 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3 | 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | kernel-zfcpdump | before 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3 | 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3 |
+26
Same product
linux: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV90Now
- CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV89Now
- CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV85Now
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2026-64422Jul 25, 2026 · net: ipv4: bound TCP reordering sysctl writes and MTU probe sizes28Monitor
- ← EarlierCVE-2026-64423Jul 25, 2026 · ipv4: igmp: remove multicast group from hash table on device destruction31Monitor
- Later →CVE-2026-64425Jul 25, 2026 · io_uring/io-wq: re-check IO_WQ_BIT_EXIT for each linked work item22Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Linux Linux | 45f1458a85017a023f138b22ac5c76abd477db42 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 5ed09a108d93a3b002cc79823d9455b50c4a8be7 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 95ecc5b58042f6b6743b589e6588f1cd7ba336aa | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | a33f37f8d079da7236ed7b7e2aed2a34ab81e7cf | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | b67625b85c4b1a3725f4be9c6dd8ce3399d11732 | Vendor (CNA) |
| azl3 kernel 6.6.152.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 | Release Notes | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 | Release Notes | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| debian:linux | 6.12.96-1 · Debian:13 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:linux-6.12 | 6.12.100-1~deb12u1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:dtb-aarch64 | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-64kb | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-azure | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-default | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-default-base | 6.12.0-160000.40.1.160000.2.29 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-docs | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-obs-build | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-obs-qa | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-rt | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-source | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-syms | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-64kb | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-azure | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-azure | 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP7 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default | 6.4.0-159998.54.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-159998.54.1.159998.21.40 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-docs | 6.12.0-160000.40.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-docs | 6.4.0-150700.53.87.3 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-kvmsmall | 6.4.0-159998.54.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_23 | 1-150700.15.3.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7 | Package registry (OSV) |
+7
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-416 · Use After FreeCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-primary
Root cause
After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.
The bug in code
The whole CWE-416 classA representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.
Vulnerable
free(dev->buf);
/* ... another thread is still running ... */
process(dev->buf);Fixed
lock(&dev->lock);
free(dev->buf);
dev->buf = NULL;
unlock(&dev->lock);Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.
Change log
- SSVC exploitation— → none
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
Show all references (4 more)Show less
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.