CVE-2026-64175: wifi: iwlwifi: mld: stop TX during firmware restart
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 30/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.46% (FIRST EPSS).
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
- Fixed version: Linux Linux 13f1786395dbbf3df73337063c798f1266be6151, 2becb38a3e217ef2b2f42fddd7db7a25905ec291, dc31c69476520bb4c2a208211a8d3c310a62c4d0.
Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 13f1786395dbbf3df73337063c798f1266be6151, 2becb38a3e217ef2b2f42fddd7db7a25905ec291, dc31c69476520bb4c2a208211a8d3c310a62c4d0 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: mld: stop TX during firmware restart When iwlwifi firmware crashes (e.g., NMI_INTERRUPT_UNKNOWN on Intel BE201/Wi-Fi 7), iwl_mld_nic_error() sets mld->fw_status.in_hw_restart to true. However, iwl_mld_tx_from_txq() does not check this flag before dequeuing frames from mac80211 and pushing them to the transport layer. Since the firmware is dead, iwl_trans_tx() returns -EIO for each frame, which then gets freed immediately. Under high-throughput conditions (e.g., Tailscale UDP traffic or active SSH sessions), this creates a tight dequeue-send-fail-free loop that wastes CPU cycles and generates rapid skb allocation churn, leading to memory pressure from slab fragmentation. The RX path already has this guard (iwl_mld_rx_mpdu checks in_hw_restart at rx.c:1906), and so does the TXQ allocation worker (iwl_mld_add_txqs_wk at tx.c:156). Add the same guard to iwl_mld_tx_from_txq() to stop all TX during firmware restart. Frames left in mac80211's TXQs are naturally drained after restart completes, when queue reallocation triggers iwl_mld_tx_from_txq() via iwl_mld_add_txq_list(), or when new upper-layer traffic invokes wake_tx_queue. Tested on ASUS Zenbook 14 UX3405CA with Intel BE201 (Wi-Fi 7) on kernel 6.19.5 where the firmware crashes approximately every 10-15 minutes under Tailscale traffic.
- Published
- Jul 19, 2026
- Updated
- Oct 19, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.4% · 40th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-400
Report tools
Action score
30
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.4%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- yes
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · Linux
- 7.5
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
Is your version affected? Check itNoroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- linux linux kernel6.15 and later · before 6.18.34
- linux linux kernel6.19 and later · before 7.0.11
- linux linux kernel7.1
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Linux Linux
- 6.15affected
- d1e879ec600f9b3bdd253167533959facfefb17b and later · before dc31c69476520bb4c2a208211a8d3c310a62c4d0affected · git
- d1e879ec600f9b3bdd253167533959facfefb17b and later · before 13f1786395dbbf3df73337063c798f1266be6151affected · git
- d1e879ec600f9b3bdd253167533959facfefb17b and later · before 2becb38a3e217ef2b2f42fddd7db7a25905ec291affected · git
- before 6.15not affected · semver
- 6.18.34 and later · up to and including 6.18.*not affected · semver
- 7.0.11 and later · up to and including 7.0.*not affected · semver
- 7.1 and laternot affected · original_commit_for_fix
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-core | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-debug | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-debug-core | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-debug-devel | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-debug-modules | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-debug-modules-core | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-debug-modules-extra | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-devel | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-devel-matched | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-modules | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-modules-core | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-64k-modules-extra | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-abi-stablelists | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-core | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-cross-headers | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-debug | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-debug-core | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-debug-devel | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-debug-devel-matched | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-debug-modules | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | kernel-debug-modules-core | before 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 |
+96
Same product
linux: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV90Now
- CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe…KEV89Now
- CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV85Now
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2026-64173Jul 19, 2026 · tracing: Do not call map->ops->elt_free() if elt_alloc() fails22Monitor
- ← EarlierCVE-2026-64174Jul 19, 2026 · wifi: cfg80211: advance loop vars in cfg80211_merge_profile()22Monitor
- Later →CVE-2026-64176Jul 19, 2026 · wifi: iwlwifi: mvm: fix driver-set TX rates on old devices32Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Linux Linux | 13f1786395dbbf3df73337063c798f1266be6151 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 2becb38a3e217ef2b2f42fddd7db7a25905ec291 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | dc31c69476520bb4c2a208211a8d3c310a62c4d0 | Vendor (CNA) |
| almalinux:kernel | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-64k | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-64k-core | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-64k-debug | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-core | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-devel | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-modules | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-modules-core | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-modules-extra | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-64k-devel | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-64k-devel-matched | 6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:linux | 7.0.12-1 · Debian:14 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-64k-debug-debuginfo | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-64k-debug-devel | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-64k-debuginfo | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-64k-devel | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-64k-devel-matched | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug-debuginfo | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug-devel | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug-devel-matched | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debuginfo | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64le | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| rocky linux:kernel | 0:6.12.0-211.56.1.el10_2.0.1 · Rocky Linux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
- CVE-2026-4627346 days apartibmveth: Disable GSO for packets with small MSS34Monitor
- CVE-2025-38501337 days apartksmbd: limit repeated connections from clients with the same IP31Monitor
- CVE-2026-5318324 days apartmptcp: allow subflow rcv wnd to shrink30Monitor
- CVE-2026-4585953 days apartnetfilter: nfnetlink_queue: do shared-unconfirmed check before segmentation30Monitor
- CVE-2026-4586053 days apartnetfilter: nf_conncount: increase the connection clean up limit to 6430Monitor
- CVE-2026-23086165 days apartvsock/virtio: cap TX credit to local buffer size22Monitor
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- none
- Integrity
- none
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- None
- Integrity impact
- None
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-400 · Uncontrolled Resource ConsumptionCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
nvd-secondary
Root cause
Code that parses nested structures sets no depth or size limit. A small input can turn into a disproportionate processing load.
The bug in code
The whole CWE-400 classA representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.
Vulnerable
function expand(node) {
return node.children.map(expand);
}Fixed
const MAX_DEPTH = 32;
function expand(node, depth = 0) {
if (depth > MAX_DEPTH) throw new Error("too deep");
return node.children.map((c) => expand(c, depth + 1));
}Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Change log
- SSVC exploitation— → none
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
Show all references (2 more)Show less
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.