NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2026-44656: Vim: OS Command Injection via 'path' completion

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 18/100)

Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.80% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 56.4% of all records.
Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. No account or password is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
Fixed version: vim vim 9.2.0435; azl3 vim 9.2.0392-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 9.2.0461-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to vim vim 9.2.0435; azl3 vim 9.2.0392-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 9.2.0461-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0435, an OS command injection vulnerability exists in Vim's :find command-line completion. When the path option contains backtick-enclosed shell commands, those commands are executed during file name completion. Because the path option lacks the P_SECURE flag, it can be set from a modeline, allowing an attacker who controls the contents of a file to execute arbitrary shell commands when the user opens that file in Vim and triggers :find completion. This issue has been patched in version 9.2.0435.

MediumCVSS 4.6 · v4.0—Proof of concept Fix available

Published: May 8, 2026
Updated: Jul 24, 2026
EPSS: 0.8% · 56th percentile
CWE: CWE-78

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 18 / 40 · 4.6 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.8%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical impact: partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: —
CNA · GitHub_M: 4.6; NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
vim	vim	cpe:2.3:a:vim:vim

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

vim vimbefore 9.2.0435

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

vim vim
- < 9.2.0435affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
Alpine:v3.23	vim	before 9.2.0437-r0	9.2.0437-r0
Debian:12	vim	from 0	—
Debian:14	vim	before 2:9.2.0461-1	2:9.2.0461-1
openSUSE:Tumbleweed	vim	before 9.2.0530-1.1	9.2.0530-1.1
Red Hat:hummingbird:1	vim	before 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1
Red Hat:hummingbird:1	vim-common	before 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1
Red Hat:hummingbird:1	vim-data	before 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1
Red Hat:hummingbird:1	vim-default-editor	before 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1
Red Hat:hummingbird:1	vim-enhanced	before 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1
Red Hat:hummingbird:1	vim-filesystem	before 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1
Red Hat:hummingbird:1	vim-minimal	before 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1
Red Hat:hummingbird:1	vim-X11	before 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1
Red Hat:hummingbird:1	xxd	before 0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3	vim	before 9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1	9.2.0530-150000.5.94.1
SUSE:Linux Micro Extras 6.2	vim	before 9.2.0530-160000.1.1	9.2.0530-160000.1.1

Same product

vim: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2008-2712Vim 7.1.314, 6.4, and other versions allows user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via Vim scripts that do not properl
42Plan
CVE-2022-0318Heap-based Buffer Overflow in vim/vim
40Plan
CVE-2019-12735getchar.c in Vim before 8.1.1365 and Neovim before 0.3.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via the :source! command i
40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2026-41411Apr 24, 2026 · Vim: Command injection via backtick expansion in tag filenames
26Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2026-42307May 8, 2026 · Vim: OS Command Injection in netrw
17Monitor
Later →CVE-2026-45130May 8, 2026 · Vim: Heap Buffer Overflow in spell file loading
22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
vim vim	9.2.0435 · description	Vendor (CNA)
azl3 vim 9.2.0392-1 on Azure Linux 3.0	9.2.0461-1 · CBL-Mariner Releases	Microsoft (MSRC)
alpine:vim	9.2.0437-r0 · Alpine:v3.23	Package registry (OSV)
debian:vim	2:9.2.0461-1 · Debian:14	Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:vim	9.2.0530-1.1 · openSUSE:Tumbleweed	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-common	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-data	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-default-editor	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-enhanced	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-filesystem	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-minimal	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-X11	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:xxd	0:9.2.967-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1	Package registry (OSV)
suse:vim	9.2.0530-160000.1.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro Extras 6.2	Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
Source	Kind	Date
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:1	2026-05-09

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

PublishedMay 8, 2026
First PoCMay 9, 2026same day
TodayOct 26, 2026+170 d

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

vim/vimcommit 190cb3c

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

CVE-2026-3471439 days apartVim before 9.2.0272 allows code execution that happens immediately upon opening a crafted file in the default configuration, because %{expr}
34Monitor
CVE-2026-7307795 days apartVim: Arbitrary Code Execution via Shell Keyword Lookup
33Monitor
CVE-2026-3498232 days apartVim modeline bypass via various options affects Vim < 9.2.0276
32Monitor
CVE-2026-3341245 days apartVim affected by Command injection via newline in glob()
29Monitor
CVE-2026-464837 days apartVim: Command injection in tar#Vimuntar via missing shellescape {special} flag
28Monitor
CVE-2026-4141114 days apartVim: Command injection via backtick expansion in tag filenames
26Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
No account or password is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability

Attack vector: Local
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: A
Scope: X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Root cause

User input is inserted as text into a shell command. The shell may interpret special characters in the input as part of the command.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-78 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1const host = req.body.host;
2exec("ping -c 1 " + host, onResult);

Fixed

1const host = req.body.host;
2if (!/^[a-z0-9.-]{1,253}$/i.test(host)) return res.sendStatus(400);
3execFile("ping", ["-c", "1", host], onResult);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:46 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

github.com/vim/vim/commit/190cb3c2b9c769a3972bcfd991a7b5b6cb771ef0

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records

Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

We use this product, ask for help

Data sources and verification

CNA: GitHub_M

CVE.org (CNA)May 11, 2026, 2:36 PM UTC
CISA ADPMay 11, 2026, 2:36 PM UTC
NVDJul 24, 2026, 4:10 PM UTC
FIRST EPSSOct 24, 2026, 12:00 AM UTC
OSV / GHSAOct 25, 2026, 3:18 AM UTC
MSRCOct 19, 2026, 3:24 AM UTC
PoC-in-GitHubOct 25, 2026, 3:18 AM UTC

Each line is when that source was last processed for this record.