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CVE-2026-73077· NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

Vim: Arbitrary Code Execution via Shell Keyword Lookup

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 33/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.14% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. No account or password is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: vim vim 9.2.0839; azl3 vim 9.2.0782-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 9.2.0957-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to vim vim 9.2.0839; azl3 vim 9.2.0782-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 9.2.0957-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to 9.2.0839, the runtime/ftplugin/sh.vim, runtime/ftplugin/zsh.vim, and runtime/ftplugin/ps1.vim filetype plugins pass attacker-controlled Visual-mode selections from K through keywordprg commands without safely separating shell arguments. fnameescape() and PATH_ESC_CHARS do not neutralize shell metacharacters before ShKeywordPrg, ZshKeywordPrg, or GetHelp invokes bash, zsh, or PowerShell, allowing arbitrary operating-system commands to execute with the privileges of the user running Vim. This issue is fixed in version 9.2.0839.

HighCVSS 8.4 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Aug 11, 2026
Updated
Oct 6, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 3th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

33

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
33 / 40 · 8.4 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
8.4
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2026-73077

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
vimvim

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • vim vimbefore 9.2.0839

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • vim vim

    • < 9.2.0839affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:10vim-commonbefore 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.202:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20
AlmaLinux:10vim-databefore 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.202:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20
AlmaLinux:10vim-enhancedbefore 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.202:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20
AlmaLinux:10vim-filesystembefore 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.202:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20
AlmaLinux:10vim-minimalbefore 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.202:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20
AlmaLinux:10vim-X11before 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.202:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20
AlmaLinux:10xxdbefore 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.202:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20
AlmaLinux:9vim-commonbefore 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.212:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.21
AlmaLinux:9vim-enhancedbefore 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.212:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.21
AlmaLinux:9vim-filesystembefore 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.212:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.21
AlmaLinux:9vim-minimalbefore 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.212:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.21
AlmaLinux:9vim-X11before 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.212:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.21
Alpine:v3.23vimbefore 9.2.0854-r09.2.0854-r0
Debian:12vimfrom 0—
Debian:14vimbefore 2:9.2.0858-12:9.2.0858-1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0vimbefore 9.2.0957-160000.1.19.2.0957-160000.1.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2vimbefore 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.202:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2vim-commonbefore 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.202:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2vim-enhancedbefore 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.202:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2vim-X11before 2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.202:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamvim-commonbefore 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.212:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.21
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamvim-enhancedbefore 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.212:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.21
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamvim-X11before 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.212:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.21
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseosvimbefore 2:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.212:8.2.2637-26.el9_8.21

+44

Same product

vim: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2008-2712Vim 7.1.314, 6.4, and other versions allows user-assisted remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via Vim scripts that do not properl
    42Plan
  • CVE-2022-0318Heap-based Buffer Overflow in vim/vim
    40Plan
  • CVE-2019-12735getchar.c in Vim before 8.1.1365 and Neovim before 0.3.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via the :source! command i
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-73075Aug 11, 2026 · Vim: Out-of-bounds Access in Popup Opacity Handling
    18Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-73076Aug 11, 2026 · Vim: Arbitrary Command Execution via Malicious `.VimballRecord` Entry Replay in `vimball.vim`
    33Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-73078Aug 11, 2026 · Vim: Arbitrary Code Execution via Netrw Menu Construction
    34Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
vim vim9.2.0839 · descriptionVendor (CNA)
azl3 vim 9.2.0782-1 on Azure Linux 3.09.2.0957-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
almalinux:vim-common2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:vim-data2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:vim-enhanced2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:vim-filesystem2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:vim-minimal2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:vim-X112:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:xxd2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
alpine:vim9.2.0854-r0 · Alpine:v3.23Package registry (OSV)
debian:vim2:9.2.0858-1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:vim9.2.0957-160000.1.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-common2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-common-debuginfo2:8.2.2637-22.el9_6.4 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-debuginfo2:8.2.2637-22.el9_6.4 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-debugsource2:8.2.2637-22.el9_6.4 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-enhanced2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-enhanced-debuginfo2:8.2.2637-22.el9_6.4 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-filesystem2:8.2.2637-22.el9_6.4 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-minimal2:8.2.2637-22.el9_6.4 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-minimal-debuginfo2:8.2.2637-22.el9_6.4 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-X112:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.2Package registry (OSV)
red hat:vim-X11-debuginfo2:8.2.2637-22.el9_6.4 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
rocky linux:vim2:9.1.083-9.el10_2.20 · Rocky Linux:10Package registry (OSV)
suse:vim9.2.0957-slfo.1.1_1.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-34714134 days apartVim before 9.2.0272 allows code execution that happens immediately upon opening a crafted file in the default configuration, because %{expr}
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-34982127 days apartVim modeline bypass via various options affects Vim < 9.2.0276
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2026-33412140 days apartVim affected by Command injection via newline in glob()
    29Monitor
  • CVE-2026-4648388 days apartVim: Command injection in tar#Vimuntar via missing shellescape {special} flag
    28Monitor
  • CVE-2026-41411109 days apartVim: Command injection via backtick expansion in tag filenames
    26Monitor
  • CVE-2026-5589547 days apartVim: Vimscript Code Injection in netrw NetrwLocalRmFile() via crafted filename
    22Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
A
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Root cause

User input is inserted as text into a shell command. The shell may interpret special characters in the input as part of the command.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-78 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

ts
const host = req.body.host;exec("ping -c 1 " + host, onResult);

Fixed

ts
const host = req.body.host;if (!/^[a-z0-9.-]{1,253}$/i.test(host)) return res.sendStatus(400);execFile("ping", ["-c", "1", host], onResult);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records