NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2026-31576: media: hackrf: fix to not free memory after the device is registered in hackrf_probe()

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.12% (FIRST EPSS).
Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
Fixed version: Linux Linux 07e9e674b6146b1f6fc41b1f54b8968bf2802824, 131ec9046e1c8af101aebdaec4e8095e05f3312b, 2145c71a8044362e82e9923f001ba2aeb771b848.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 07e9e674b6146b1f6fc41b1f54b8968bf2802824, 131ec9046e1c8af101aebdaec4e8095e05f3312b, 2145c71a8044362e82e9923f001ba2aeb771b848 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: hackrf: fix to not free memory after the device is registered in hackrf_probe() In hackrf driver, the following race condition occurs: ``` CPU0 CPU1 hackrf_probe() kzalloc(); // alloc hackrf_dev .... v4l2_device_register(); .... fd = sys_open("/path/to/dev"); // open hackrf fd .... v4l2_device_unregister(); .... kfree(); // free hackrf_dev .... sys_ioctl(fd, ...); v4l2_ioctl(); video_is_registered() // UAF!! .... sys_close(fd); v4l2_release() // UAF!! hackrf_video_release() kfree(); // DFB!! ``` When a V4L2 or video device is unregistered, the device node is removed so new open() calls are blocked. However, file descriptors that are already open-and any in-flight I/O-do not terminate immediately; they remain valid until the last reference is dropped and the driver's release() is invoked. Therefore, freeing device memory on the error path after hackrf_probe() has registered dev it will lead to a race to use-after-free vuln, since those already-open handles haven't been released yet. And since release() free memory too, race to use-after-free and double-free vuln occur. To prevent this, if device is registered from probe(), it should be modified to free memory only through release() rather than calling kfree() directly.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Published: Apr 24, 2026
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 0.1% · 2th percentile
CWE: CWE-416

Report tools

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Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.1%

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No public exploit code on record
A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
linux	linux kernel	cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

linux linux kernelbefore 6.6.136
linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.83
linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.18.24
linux linux kernel6.19 and later · before 6.19.14
linux linux kernel7.0 and later · before 7.0.1

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

Linux Linux
- 4.4affected
- 8bc4a9ed85046c214458c9e82aea75d2f46cfffd and later · before 87b9685cca91ed715c39ba544715832d26a7f4b4affected · git
- 8bc4a9ed85046c214458c9e82aea75d2f46cfffd and later · before 131ec9046e1c8af101aebdaec4e8095e05f3312baffected · git
- 8bc4a9ed85046c214458c9e82aea75d2f46cfffd and later · before 67fd62e3efdc9dce01f76d95a745212f4feb38e6affected · git
- 8bc4a9ed85046c214458c9e82aea75d2f46cfffd and later · before 45cbaf5c7cdc5386d86377f0daf94a17a007fed0affected · git
- 8bc4a9ed85046c214458c9e82aea75d2f46cfffd and later · before 98a0a81ce78020c2522e0046f49d200de9778cb9affected · git
- 8bc4a9ed85046c214458c9e82aea75d2f46cfffd and later · before 07e9e674b6146b1f6fc41b1f54b8968bf2802824affected · git
- 8bc4a9ed85046c214458c9e82aea75d2f46cfffd and later · before 2145c71a8044362e82e9923f001ba2aeb771b848affected · git
- 8bc4a9ed85046c214458c9e82aea75d2f46cfffd and later · before fcd1d70792a35c8a97414fe429f48311e41269c2affected · git
- 8bc4a9ed85046c214458c9e82aea75d2f46cfffd and later · before 3b7da2b4d0fe014eff181ed37e3bf832eb8ed258affected · git

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
Debian:12	linux	before 6.1.176-1	6.1.176-1
Debian:13	linux	before 6.12.85-1	6.12.85-1
Debian:14	linux	before 6.19.14-1	6.19.14-1
openSUSE:Tumbleweed	kernel-source	before 7.0.3-1.1	7.0.3-1.1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
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CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
89Now
CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2026-31567Apr 24, 2026 · PM: sleep: Drop spurious WARN_ON() from pm_restore_gfp_mask()
22Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2026-31569Apr 24, 2026 · LoongArch: KVM: Handle the case that EIOINTC's coremap is empty
29Monitor
Later →CVE-2026-31577Apr 24, 2026 · nilfs2: fix NULL i_assoc_inode dereference in nilfs_mdt_save_to_shadow_map
22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
Linux Linux	07e9e674b6146b1f6fc41b1f54b8968bf2802824	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	131ec9046e1c8af101aebdaec4e8095e05f3312b	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	2145c71a8044362e82e9923f001ba2aeb771b848	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	3b7da2b4d0fe014eff181ed37e3bf832eb8ed258	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	45cbaf5c7cdc5386d86377f0daf94a17a007fed0	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	67fd62e3efdc9dce01f76d95a745212f4feb38e6	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	87b9685cca91ed715c39ba544715832d26a7f4b4	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	98a0a81ce78020c2522e0046f49d200de9778cb9	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	fcd1d70792a35c8a97414fe429f48311e41269c2	Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux	6.1.176-1 · Debian:12	Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-source	7.0.3-1.1 · openSUSE:Tumbleweed	Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
A low-privileged account is enough.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Local
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-416 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1free(dev->buf);
2/* ... another thread is still running ... */
3process(dev->buf);

Fixed

1lock(&dev->lock);
2free(dev->buf);
3dev->buf = NULL;
4unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:11 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

git.kernel.org/stable/c/07e9e674b6146b1f6fc41b1f54b8968bf2802824

Show all references (8 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records