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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2026-31450: ext4: publish jinode after initialization

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 35/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.41% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 1aec30021edd410b986c156f195f3d23959a9d11, 2d2b648960147d078b000b9a7494017082024366, 33f486987af21531a7b18973d11795ede3da9ddd; azl3 kernel 6.6.130.1-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.134.1-2.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 1aec30021edd410b986c156f195f3d23959a9d11, 2d2b648960147d078b000b9a7494017082024366, 33f486987af21531a7b18973d11795ede3da9ddd; azl3 kernel 6.6.130.1-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.134.1-2 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: publish jinode after initialization ext4_inode_attach_jinode() publishes ei->jinode to concurrent users. It used to set ei->jinode before jbd2_journal_init_jbd_inode(), allowing a reader to observe a non-NULL jinode with i_vfs_inode still unset. The fast commit flush path can then pass this jinode to jbd2_wait_inode_data(), which dereferences i_vfs_inode->i_mapping and may crash. Below is the crash I observe: ``` BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 000000010beb47f4 PGD 110e51067 P4D 110e51067 PUD 0 Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 4850 Comm: fc_fsync_bench_ Not tainted 6.18.0-00764-g795a690c06a5 #1 PREEMPT(voluntary) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Arch Linux 1.17.0-2-2 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:xas_find_marked+0x3d/0x2e0 Code: e0 03 48 83 f8 02 0f 84 f0 01 00 00 48 8b 47 08 48 89 c3 48 39 c6 0f 82 fd 01 00 00 48 85 c9 74 3d 48 83 f9 03 77 63 4c 8b 0f <49> 8b 71 08 48 c7 47 18 00 00 00 00 48 89 f1 83 e1 03 48 83 f9 02 RSP: 0018:ffffbbee806e7bf0 EFLAGS: 00010246 RAX: 000000000010beb4 RBX: 000000000010beb4 RCX: 0000000000000003 RDX: 0000000000000001 RSI: 0000002000300000 RDI: ffffbbee806e7c10 RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 0000002000300000 R09: 000000010beb47ec R10: ffff9ea494590090 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000002000300000 R13: ffffbbee806e7c90 R14: ffff9ea494513788 R15: ffffbbee806e7c88 FS: 00007fc2f9e3e6c0(0000) GS:ffff9ea6b1444000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000000010beb47f4 CR3: 0000000119ac5000 CR4: 0000000000750ef0 PKRU: 55555554 Call Trace: <TASK> filemap_get_folios_tag+0x87/0x2a0 __filemap_fdatawait_range+0x5f/0xd0 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? __schedule+0x3e7/0x10c0 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? preempt_count_sub+0x5f/0x80 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? cap_safe_nice+0x37/0x70 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? preempt_count_sub+0x5f/0x80 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 filemap_fdatawait_range_keep_errors+0x12/0x40 ext4_fc_commit+0x697/0x8b0 ? ext4_file_write_iter+0x64b/0x950 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? preempt_count_sub+0x5f/0x80 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? vfs_write+0x356/0x480 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? preempt_count_sub+0x5f/0x80 ext4_sync_file+0xf7/0x370 do_fsync+0x3b/0x80 ? syscall_trace_enter+0x108/0x1d0 __x64_sys_fdatasync+0x16/0x20 do_syscall_64+0x62/0x2c0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e ... ``` Fix this by initializing the jbd2_inode first. Use smp_wmb() and WRITE_ONCE() to publish ei->jinode after initialization. Readers use READ_ONCE() to fetch the pointer.

HighCVSS 8.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Apr 22, 2026
Updated
Oct 19, 2026
EPSS
0.4% · 35th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

35

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
35 / 40 · 8.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.4%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · Linux
8.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel3.11.1 and later · before 5.10.253
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.203
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.168
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.134
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.81
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.18.21
  • linux linux kernel6.19 and later · before 6.19.11
  • linux linux kernel3.11
  • linux linux kernel7.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 3.11affected
    • a361293f5fedea0016a10599f409631a15d47ee7 and later · before 2d2b648960147d078b000b9a7494017082024366affected · git
    • a361293f5fedea0016a10599f409631a15d47ee7 and later · before e4325e84727e539c8597bd5b8491349f57f7fb17affected · git
    • a361293f5fedea0016a10599f409631a15d47ee7 and later · before be54c0055407a73b60349c093c8ce621cb8fa232affected · git
    • a361293f5fedea0016a10599f409631a15d47ee7 and later · before a070d5a872ffe0e0fe5c46eda6386140ded39adbaffected · git
    • a361293f5fedea0016a10599f409631a15d47ee7 and later · before e76bcb727e4874a2f9d0297f8e3f8eced89b0764affected · git
    • a361293f5fedea0016a10599f409631a15d47ee7 and later · before 4855a59e21789c79f003a9b5f4135c95a7495c6baffected · git
    • a361293f5fedea0016a10599f409631a15d47ee7 and later · before 33f486987af21531a7b18973d11795ede3da9dddaffected · git
    • a361293f5fedea0016a10599f409631a15d47ee7 and later · before 1aec30021edd410b986c156f195f3d23959a9d11affected · git
    • before 3.11not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.170-16.1.170-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.85-16.12.85-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.19.11-16.19.11-1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0dtb-aarch64before 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-64kbbefore 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-azurebefore 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-defaultbefore 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-default-basebefore 6.12.0-160000.36.1.160000.2.176.12.0-160000.36.1.160000.2.17
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-docsbefore 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-kvmsmallbefore 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-obs-buildbefore 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-obs-qabefore 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-rtbefore 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-sourcebefore 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-symsbefore 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-zfcpdumpbefore 6.12.0-160000.36.16.12.0-160000.36.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kernel-defaultbefore 4.12.14-122.323.14.12.14-122.323.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_86before 1-8.3.11-8.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_18before 1-150700.15.3.11-150700.15.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_17before 1-150700.1.3.11-150700.1.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-64kbbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.66.16.4.0-150700.53.66.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-defaultbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.66.16.4.0-150700.53.66.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-default-basebefore 6.4.0-150700.53.66.1.150700.17.39.16.4.0-150700.53.66.1.150700.17.39.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-sourcebefore 6.4.0-150700.53.66.16.4.0-150700.53.66.1

+27

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-31448Apr 22, 2026 · ext4: avoid infinite loops caused by residual data
    37Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-31449Apr 22, 2026 · ext4: validate p_idx bounds in ext4_ext_correct_indexes
    31Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-31451Apr 22, 2026 · ext4: replace BUG_ON with proper error handling in ext4_read_inline_folio
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux1aec30021edd410b986c156f195f3d23959a9d11Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux2d2b648960147d078b000b9a7494017082024366Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux33f486987af21531a7b18973d11795ede3da9dddVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux4855a59e21789c79f003a9b5f4135c95a7495c6bVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxa070d5a872ffe0e0fe5c46eda6386140ded39adbVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxbe54c0055407a73b60349c093c8ce621cb8fa232Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxe4325e84727e539c8597bd5b8491349f57f7fb17Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxe76bcb727e4874a2f9d0297f8e3f8eced89b0764Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.130.1-3 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.134.1-2 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.170-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:dtb-aarch646.12.0-160000.36.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-64kb6.12.0-160000.36.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-azure6.12.0-160000.36.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-default6.12.0-160000.36.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-default-base6.12.0-160000.36.1.160000.2.17 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-docs6.12.0-160000.36.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall6.12.0-160000.36.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-obs-build6.12.0-160000.36.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-obs-qa6.12.0-160000.36.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-rt6.12.0-160000.36.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-source6.12.0-160000.36.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-syms6.12.0-160000.36.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-64kb6.12.0-160000.36.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-azure6.12.0-160000.36.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default6.4.0-49.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default-base6.12.0-160000.36.1.160000.2.17 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-docs6.12.0-160000.36.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-kvmsmall6.4.0-49.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-obs-build6.12.0-160000.36.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro Extras 6.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-obs-qa6.12.0-160000.36.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0Package registry (OSV)

+4

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (10 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records