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CVE-2026-28784· NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

Craft is affected by potential authenticated Remote Code Execution via Twig SSTI

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 34/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.66% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 51.2% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: craftcms/cms (Packagist) 4.17.0-beta.1, 5.9.0-beta.1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to craftcms/cms (Packagist) 4.17.0-beta.1, 5.9.0-beta.1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Craft is a content management system (CMS). Prior to 5.8.22 and 4.16.18, it is possible to craft a malicious payload using the Twig map filter in text fields that accept Twig input under Settings in the Craft control panel or using the System Messages utility, which could lead to a RCE. For this to work, you must have administrator access to the Craft Control Panel, and allowAdminChanges must be enabled for this to work, which is against our recommendations for any non-dev environment. Alternatively, you can have a non-administrator account with allowAdminChanges disabled, but you have access to the System Messages utility. Users should update to the patched versions (5.8.22 and 4.16.18) to mitigate the issue.

HighCVSS 8.6 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Mar 4, 2026
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.6% · 51th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

34

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
34 / 40 · 8.6 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
8.6
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2026-28784

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
craftcmscraft cms

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • craftcms craft cmsafter 4.0.0 · before 4.17.0
  • craftcms craft cmsafter 5.0.0 · before 5.9.0
  • craftcms craft cms4.0.0
  • craftcms craft cms5.0.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • craftcms cms

    • >= 5.0.0-RC1, < 5.9.0-beta.1, >= 4.0.0-RC1, < 4.17.0-beta.1affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Packagistcraftcms/cmsfrom 4.0.0-RC1 · before 4.17.0-beta.14.17.0-beta.1
Packagistcraftcms/cmsfrom 5.0.0-RC1 · before 5.9.0-beta.15.9.0-beta.1

Same product

craftcms: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-32432Craft CMS Allows Remote Code ExecutionKEV
    100Now
  • CVE-2024-56145RCE when PHP `register_argc_argv` config setting is enabled in craftcms/cmsKEV
    96Now
  • CVE-2025-23209Potential RCE with a compromised security key in craft/cmsKEV
    69This week

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-28782Mar 4, 2026 · Craft has a Permission Bypass and IDOR in Duplicate Entry Action
    21Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-28783Mar 4, 2026 · Craft has a Twig Function Blocklist Bypass
    37Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-29069Mar 4, 2026 · Craft has an unauthenticated activation email trigger with potential user enumeration
    27Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Packagist:craftcms/cms4.17.0-beta.1Package registry (OSV)
Packagist:craftcms/cms5.9.0-beta.1Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-286970 days apartCraft Affected by Authenticated RCE via "craft.app.fs.write()" in Twig Templates
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-286950 days apartCraft affected by authenticated RCE via Twig SSTI - create() function + Symfony Process gadget
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2025-46731303 days apartCraft CMS Contains a Potential Remote Code Execution Vulnerability via Twig SSTI
    29Monitor
  • CVE-2025-57811191 days apartCraft Potential Remote Code Execution via Twig SSTI
    24Monitor
  • CVE-2025-6845458 days apartCraft CMS vulnerable to potential authenticated Remote Code Execution via Twig SSTI
    20Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • Administrator privileges are required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-1336 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records