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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2026-23386: gve: fix incorrect buffer cleanup in gve_tx_clean_pending_packets for QPL

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.12% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 07e0c80e17ef781799e7cd5c41a7bf44f1bf6a5f, 3744ebd8ffaa542ae8110fb449adcac0202f4cc8, 71511dae56a75ce161aa746741e5c498feaea393.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 07e0c80e17ef781799e7cd5c41a7bf44f1bf6a5f, 3744ebd8ffaa542ae8110fb449adcac0202f4cc8, 71511dae56a75ce161aa746741e5c498feaea393 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gve: fix incorrect buffer cleanup in gve_tx_clean_pending_packets for QPL In DQ-QPL mode, gve_tx_clean_pending_packets() incorrectly uses the RDA buffer cleanup path. It iterates num_bufs times and attempts to unmap entries in the dma array. This leads to two issues: 1. The dma array shares storage with tx_qpl_buf_ids (union). Interpreting buffer IDs as DMA addresses results in attempting to unmap incorrect memory locations. 2. num_bufs in QPL mode (counting 2K chunks) can significantly exceed the size of the dma array, causing out-of-bounds access warnings (trace below is how we noticed this issue). UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in drivers/net/ethernet/drivers/net/ethernet/google/gve/gve_tx_dqo.c:178:5 index 18 is out of range for type 'dma_addr_t[18]' (aka 'unsigned long long[18]') Workqueue: gve gve_service_task [gve] Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x33/0xa0 __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds+0xdc/0x110 gve_tx_stop_ring_dqo+0x182/0x200 [gve] gve_close+0x1be/0x450 [gve] gve_reset+0x99/0x120 [gve] gve_service_task+0x61/0x100 [gve] process_scheduled_works+0x1e9/0x380 Fix this by properly checking for QPL mode and delegating to gve_free_tx_qpl_bufs() to reclaim the buffers.

Published
Mar 25, 2026
Updated
Nov 5, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 2th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel6.6.1 and later · before 6.6.130
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.78
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.18.17
  • linux linux kernel6.19 and later · before 6.19.7
  • linux linux kernel6.6
  • linux linux kernel7.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 6.6affected
    • a6fb8d5a8b6925f1e635818d3dd2d89531d4a058 and later · before 71511dae56a75ce161aa746741e5c498feaea393affected · git
    • a6fb8d5a8b6925f1e635818d3dd2d89531d4a058 and later · before c171f90f58974c784db25e0606051541cb71b7f0affected · git
    • a6fb8d5a8b6925f1e635818d3dd2d89531d4a058 and later · before 07e0c80e17ef781799e7cd5c41a7bf44f1bf6a5faffected · git
    • a6fb8d5a8b6925f1e635818d3dd2d89531d4a058 and later · before 3744ebd8ffaa542ae8110fb449adcac0202f4cc8affected · git
    • a6fb8d5a8b6925f1e635818d3dd2d89531d4a058 and later · before fb868db5f4bccd7a78219313ab2917429f715ceaaffected · git
    • before 6.6not affected · semver
    • 6.6.130 and later · up to and including 6.6.*not affected · semver
    • 6.12.78 and later · up to and including 6.12.*not affected · semver
    • 6.18.17 and later · up to and including 6.18.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.85-16.12.85-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.19.8-16.19.8-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe…KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-23383Mar 25, 2026 · bpf, arm64: Force 8-byte alignment for JIT buffer to prevent atomic tearing
    31Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-23385Mar 25, 2026 · netfilter: nf_tables: clone set on flush only
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-23388Mar 25, 2026 · Squashfs: check metadata block offset is within range
    28Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux07e0c80e17ef781799e7cd5c41a7bf44f1bf6a5fVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux3744ebd8ffaa542ae8110fb449adcac0202f4cc8Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux71511dae56a75ce161aa746741e5c498feaea393Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxc171f90f58974c784db25e0606051541cb71b7f0Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxfb868db5f4bccd7a78219313ab2917429f715ceaVendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.12.85-1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (4 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records