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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-38115: net_sched: sch_sfq: fix a potential crash on gso_skb handling

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.21% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 5814a7fc3abb41f63f2d44c9d3ff9d4e62965b72, 82448d4dcd8406dec688632a405fdcf7f170ec69, 82ffbe7776d0ac084031f114167712269bf3d832; azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.96.1-1; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.96.1-1.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 7.8, NVD 5.5.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 5814a7fc3abb41f63f2d44c9d3ff9d4e62965b72, 82448d4dcd8406dec688632a405fdcf7f170ec69, 82ffbe7776d0ac084031f114167712269bf3d832; azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.96.1-1; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.96.1-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net_sched: sch_sfq: fix a potential crash on gso_skb handling SFQ has an assumption of always being able to queue at least one packet. However, after the blamed commit, sch->q.len can be inflated by packets in sch->gso_skb, and an enqueue() on an empty SFQ qdisc can be followed by an immediate drop. Fix sfq_drop() to properly clear q->tail in this situation. ip netns add lb ip link add dev to-lb type veth peer name in-lb netns lb ethtool -K to-lb tso off # force qdisc to requeue gso_skb ip netns exec lb ethtool -K in-lb gro on # enable NAPI ip link set dev to-lb up ip -netns lb link set dev in-lb up ip addr add dev to-lb 192.168.20.1/24 ip -netns lb addr add dev in-lb 192.168.20.2/24 tc qdisc replace dev to-lb root sfq limit 100 ip netns exec lb netserver netperf -H 192.168.20.2 -l 100 & netperf -H 192.168.20.2 -l 100 & netperf -H 192.168.20.2 -l 100 & netperf -H 192.168.20.2 -l 100 &

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jul 3, 2025
Updated
Oct 15, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 12th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.5
CNA · Linux
7.8
2.3 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-38115

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux11.0
  • linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.239
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.186
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.142
  • linux linux kernel4.16 and later · before 5.4.295
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.34
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.15.3
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.94
  • linux linux kernel6.16

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 4.16affected
    • a53851e2c3218aa30b77abd6e68cf1c371f15afe and later · before c337efb20d6d9f9bbb4746f6b119917af5c886dcaffected · git
    • a53851e2c3218aa30b77abd6e68cf1c371f15afe and later · before b44f791f27b14c9eb6b907fbe51f2ba8bec32085affected · git
    • a53851e2c3218aa30b77abd6e68cf1c371f15afe and later · before 5814a7fc3abb41f63f2d44c9d3ff9d4e62965b72affected · git
    • a53851e2c3218aa30b77abd6e68cf1c371f15afe and later · before 9c19498bdd7cb9d854bd3c54260f71cf7408495eaffected · git
    • a53851e2c3218aa30b77abd6e68cf1c371f15afe and later · before b4e9bab6011b9559b7c157b16b91ae46d4d8c533affected · git
    • a53851e2c3218aa30b77abd6e68cf1c371f15afe and later · before d1bc80da75c789f2f6830df89d91fb2f7a509943affected · git
    • a53851e2c3218aa30b77abd6e68cf1c371f15afe and later · before 82448d4dcd8406dec688632a405fdcf7f170ec69affected · git
    • a53851e2c3218aa30b77abd6e68cf1c371f15afe and later · before 82ffbe7776d0ac084031f114167712269bf3d832affected · git
    • before 4.16not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.147-16.1.147-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.35-16.12.35-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38110Jul 3, 2025 · net/mdiobus: Fix potential out-of-bounds clause 45 read/write access
    28Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38111Jul 3, 2025 · net/mdiobus: Fix potential out-of-bounds read/write access
    28Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-38117Jul 3, 2025 · Bluetooth: MGMT: Protect mgmt_pending list with its own lock
    31Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux5814a7fc3abb41f63f2d44c9d3ff9d4e62965b72Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux82448d4dcd8406dec688632a405fdcf7f170ec69Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux82ffbe7776d0ac084031f114167712269bf3d832Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux9c19498bdd7cb9d854bd3c54260f71cf7408495eVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxb44f791f27b14c9eb6b907fbe51f2ba8bec32085Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxb4e9bab6011b9559b7c157b16b91ae46d4d8c533Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxc337efb20d6d9f9bbb4746f6b119917af5c886dcVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxd1bc80da75c789f2f6830df89d91fb2f7a509943Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.96.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 kernel 6.6.96.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.96.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.147-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-401 · Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (9 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records