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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2024-53228: riscv: kvm: Fix out-of-bounds array access

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.23% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 332fa4a802b16ccb727199da685294f85f9880cb, 3c49e1084a5df99807fc43dd318c491e6cbaa168, b1af648f0d610665c956ea4604d9f797e5c7e991.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 332fa4a802b16ccb727199da685294f85f9880cb, 3c49e1084a5df99807fc43dd318c491e6cbaa168, b1af648f0d610665c956ea4604d9f797e5c7e991 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: riscv: kvm: Fix out-of-bounds array access In kvm_riscv_vcpu_sbi_init() the entry->ext_idx can contain an out-of-bound index. This is used as a special marker for the base extensions, that cannot be disabled. However, when traversing the extensions, that special marker is not checked prior indexing the array. Add an out-of-bounds check to the function.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Dec 27, 2024
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 15th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.11.11
  • linux linux kernel6.12 and later · before 6.12.2

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 6.7affected
    • 56d8a385b60556019ecb45d6098830c9ef6a13e0 and later · before 3c49e1084a5df99807fc43dd318c491e6cbaa168affected · git
    • 56d8a385b60556019ecb45d6098830c9ef6a13e0 and later · before b1af648f0d610665c956ea4604d9f797e5c7e991affected · git
    • 56d8a385b60556019ecb45d6098830c9ef6a13e0 and later · before 332fa4a802b16ccb727199da685294f85f9880cbaffected · git
    • before 6.7not affected · semver
    • 6.11.11 and later · up to and including 6.11.*not affected · semver
    • 6.12.2 and later · up to and including 6.12.*not affected · semver
    • 6.13 and laternot affected · original_commit_for_fix

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.3-16.12.3-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-53226Dec 27, 2024 · RDMA/hns: Fix NULL pointer derefernce in hns_roce_map_mr_sg()
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-53227Dec 27, 2024 · scsi: bfa: Fix use-after-free in bfad_im_module_exit()
    31Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2024-53229Dec 27, 2024 · RDMA/rxe: Fix the qp flush warnings in req
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux332fa4a802b16ccb727199da685294f85f9880cbVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux3c49e1084a5df99807fc43dd318c491e6cbaa168Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxb1af648f0d610665c956ea4604d9f797e5c7e991Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.12.3-1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2021-47548217 days apartethernet: hisilicon: hns: hns_dsaf_misc: fix a possible array overflow in hns_dsaf_ge_srst_by_port()
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-23246446 days apartwifi: mac80211: bounds-check link_id in ieee80211_ml_reconfiguration
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-43110495 days apartwifi: brcmfmac: validate bsscfg indices in IF events
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-43172495 days apartwifi: iwlwifi: fix 22000 series SMEM parsing
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2024-565960 days apartjfs: fix array-index-out-of-bounds in jfs_readdir
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2024-565980 days apartjfs: array-index-out-of-bounds fix in dtReadFirst
    31Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-129 · Improper Validation of Array Index

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records