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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2024-47794: bpf: Prevent tailcall infinite loop caused by freplace

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.27% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 272f92998cbec9e12fea8ef28f48d6b1bc625a34, 987aa730bad3e1ef66d9f30182294daa78f6387d, d6083f040d5d8f8d748462c77e90547097df936e; cbl2 kernel 5.15.202.1-1 on CBL-Mariner 2.0 Release Notes.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 7.8, NVD 5.5.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 272f92998cbec9e12fea8ef28f48d6b1bc625a34, 987aa730bad3e1ef66d9f30182294daa78f6387d, d6083f040d5d8f8d748462c77e90547097df936e; cbl2 kernel 5.15.202.1-1 on CBL-Mariner 2.0 Release Notes or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Prevent tailcall infinite loop caused by freplace There is a potential infinite loop issue that can occur when using a combination of tail calls and freplace. In an upcoming selftest, the attach target for entry_freplace of tailcall_freplace.c is subprog_tc of tc_bpf2bpf.c, while the tail call in entry_freplace leads to entry_tc. This results in an infinite loop: entry_tc -> subprog_tc -> entry_freplace --tailcall-> entry_tc. The problem arises because the tail_call_cnt in entry_freplace resets to zero each time entry_freplace is executed, causing the tail call mechanism to never terminate, eventually leading to a kernel panic. To fix this issue, the solution is twofold: 1. Prevent updating a program extended by an freplace program to a prog_array map. 2. Prevent extending a program that is already part of a prog_array map with an freplace program. This ensures that: * If a program or its subprogram has been extended by an freplace program, it can no longer be updated to a prog_array map. * If a program has been added to a prog_array map, neither it nor its subprograms can be extended by an freplace program. Moreover, an extension program should not be tailcalled. As such, return -EINVAL if the program has a type of BPF_PROG_TYPE_EXT when adding it to a prog_array map. Additionally, fix a minor code style issue by replacing eight spaces with a tab for proper formatting.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jan 11, 2025
Updated
Oct 30, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 20th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.5
CNA · Linux
7.8
2.3 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel5.6 and later · before 6.12.5

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 5.6affected
    • be8704ff07d2374bcc5c675526f95e70c6459683 and later · before 272f92998cbec9e12fea8ef28f48d6b1bc625a34affected · git
    • be8704ff07d2374bcc5c675526f95e70c6459683 and later · before f8ba0d22afa613b280fc40fcf6ae99f73c7b36e6affected · git
    • be8704ff07d2374bcc5c675526f95e70c6459683 and later · before 987aa730bad3e1ef66d9f30182294daa78f6387daffected · git
    • be8704ff07d2374bcc5c675526f95e70c6459683 and later · before d6083f040d5d8f8d748462c77e90547097df936eaffected · git
    • before 5.6not affected · semver
    • 6.1.191 and later · up to and including 6.1.*not affected · semver
    • 6.6.160 and later · up to and including 6.6.*not affected · semver
    • 6.12.5 and later · up to and including 6.12.*not affected · semver
    • 6.13 and laternot affected · original_commit_for_fix

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxfrom 0—
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.5-16.12.5-1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6dtb-aarch64before 6.4.0-150600.23.47.16.4.0-150600.23.47.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-64kbbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.47.26.4.0-150600.23.47.2
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-azurebefore 6.4.0-150600.8.34.26.4.0-150600.8.34.2
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-debugbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.47.26.4.0-150600.23.47.2
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-defaultbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.47.26.4.0-150600.23.47.2
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-default-basebefore 6.4.0-150600.23.47.2.150600.12.20.26.4.0-150600.23.47.2.150600.12.20.2
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-docsbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.47.16.4.0-150600.23.47.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-kvmsmallbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.47.26.4.0-150600.23.47.2
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-obs-buildbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.47.16.4.0-150600.23.47.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-obs-qabefore 6.4.0-150600.23.47.16.4.0-150600.23.47.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-rtbefore 6.4.0-150600.10.34.16.4.0-150600.10.34.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-rt_debugbefore 6.4.0-150600.10.34.16.4.0-150600.10.34.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-sourcebefore 6.4.0-150600.23.47.26.4.0-150600.23.47.2
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-source-azurebefore 6.4.0-150600.8.34.26.4.0-150600.8.34.2
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-source-rtbefore 6.4.0-150600.10.34.16.4.0-150600.10.34.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-symsbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.47.16.4.0-150600.23.47.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-syms-azurebefore 6.4.0-150600.8.34.16.4.0-150600.8.34.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-syms-rtbefore 6.4.0-150600.10.34.16.4.0-150600.10.34.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-zfcpdumpbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.47.26.4.0-150600.23.47.2
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_10before 1-150600.13.5.11-150600.13.5.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_10before 1-150600.1.5.11-150600.1.5.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_1before 1-150700.15.3.11-150700.15.3.1

+26

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
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  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-47141Jan 11, 2025 · pinmux: Use sequential access to access desc->pinmux data
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-47408Jan 11, 2025 · net/smc: check smcd_v2_ext_offset when receiving proposal msg
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2024-47809Jan 11, 2025 · dlm: fix possible lkb_resource null dereference
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux272f92998cbec9e12fea8ef28f48d6b1bc625a34Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux987aa730bad3e1ef66d9f30182294daa78f6387dVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxd6083f040d5d8f8d748462c77e90547097df936eVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxf8ba0d22afa613b280fc40fcf6ae99f73c7b36e6Vendor (CNA)
cbl2 kernel 5.15.202.1-1 on CBL-Mariner 2.0Release NotesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.12.5-1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:dtb-aarch646.4.0-150600.23.47.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-64kb6.4.0-150600.23.47.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-azure6.4.0-150600.8.34.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-debug6.4.0-150600.23.47.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-default6.4.0-150600.23.47.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-default-base6.4.0-150600.23.47.2.150600.12.20.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-rt6.4.0-150600.10.34.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-rt_debug6.4.0-150600.10.34.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-source-azure6.4.0-150600.8.34.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-source-rt6.4.0-150600.10.34.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-syms-azure6.4.0-150600.8.34.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-syms-rt6.4.0-150600.10.34.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-64kb6.4.0-150700.53.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-azure6.4.0-150600.8.34.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-azure6.4.0-150700.20.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default6.4.0-150700.53.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default-base6.4.0-150700.53.3.1.150700.17.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-docs6.4.0-150700.53.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_101-150600.1.5.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_11-150700.15.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-obs-build6.4.0-150700.53.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-rt6.4.0-150600.10.34.1 · SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-rt_debug6.4.0-150600.10.34.1 · SUSE:Real Time Module 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source6.4.0-150700.53.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)

+8

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-31448466 days apartext4: avoid infinite loops caused by residual data
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-52933529 days apartio_uring/poll: fix signed comparison in io_poll_get_ownership()
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2026-23451447 days apartbonding: prevent potential infinite loop in bond_header_parse()
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2026-31552468 days apartwifi: wlcore: Return -ENOMEM instead of -EAGAIN if there is not enough headroom
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2026-46052501 days apartceph: only d_add() negative dentries when they are unhashed
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2024-27032255 days apartf2fs: fix to avoid potential panic during recovery
    25Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-835 · Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (3 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records