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NVD / CVE Program· CNA microfocus

CVE-2016-8666: The IP stack in the Linux kernel before 4.6 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack consumption and panic) or possibly…

HighCVSS 7.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 4.7% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 91.9% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: linux (Debian:12) 4.6.1-1; kernel (Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client) 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7; kernel-abi-whitelists (Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client) 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to linux (Debian:12) 4.6.1-1; kernel (Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client) 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7; kernel-abi-whitelists (Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client) 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

The IP stack in the Linux kernel before 4.6 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack consumption and panic) or possibly have unspecified other impact by triggering use of the GRO path for packets with tunnel stacking, as demonstrated by interleaved IPv4 headers and GRE headers, a related issue to CVE-2016-7039.

Published
Oct 16, 2016
Updated
Jun 16, 2026
EPSS
4.7% · 91th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
1 / 30 · 4.7%

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel3.14 and later · before 3.16.35
  • linux linux kernel3.17 and later · before 3.18.47
  • linux linux kernel3.19 and later · before 4.1.38
  • linux linux kernel4.2 and later · before 4.4.29
  • linux linux kernel4.5 and later · before 4.6

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 4.6.1-14.6.1-1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernelbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-abi-whitelistsbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-debugbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-debug-debuginfobefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-debug-develbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-debuginfobefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64before 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-develbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-docbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-headersbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-toolsbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-tools-debuginfobefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-tools-libsbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-tools-libs-develbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientperfbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientperf-debuginfobefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpython-perfbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpython-perf-debuginfobefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::serverkernelbefore 0:4.5.0-15.2.1.el70:4.5.0-15.2.1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::serverkernel-aarch64before 0:4.5.0-15.2.1.el70:4.5.0-15.2.1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::serverkernel-bootwrapperbefore 0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el70:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::serverkernel-debugbefore 0:4.5.0-15.2.1.el70:4.5.0-15.2.1.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::serverkernel-debug-debuginfobefore 0:4.5.0-15.2.1.el70:4.5.0-15.2.1.el7

+96

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

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Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2016-8658Oct 16, 2016 · Stack-based buffer overflow in the brcmf_cfg80211_start_ap function in drivers/net/wireless/broadcom/brcm80211/brcmfmac/cfg80211.c in the…
    24Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2016-8660Oct 16, 2016 · The XFS subsystem in the Linux kernel through 4.8.2 allows local users to cause a denial of service (fdatasync failure and system hang) by…
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2016-5195Nov 10, 2016 · Race condition in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 2.x through 4.x before 4.8.3 allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging incorrect…KEV
    83Now

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
debian:linux4.6.1-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-abi-whitelists0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-debuginfo0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-devel0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_640:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-devel0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-doc0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-headers0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-tools0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-tools-debuginfo0:3.10.0-327.36.2.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default3.12.67-60.64.18.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP1Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source3.12.67-60.64.18.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP1Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-syms3.12.67-60.64.18.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP1Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP1_Update_07-20.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP1_Update_17-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP1_Update_26-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP1_Update_35-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP1_Update_44-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP1_Update_54-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP1_Update_64-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP1_Update_73-5.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP1_Update_82-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · researcher credit · variant or chain candidate · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

Code that parses nested structures sets no depth or size limit. A small input can turn into a disproportionate processing load.

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

ts
function expand(node) {  return node.children.map(expand);}

Fixed

ts
const MAX_DEPTH = 32;function expand(node, depth = 0) {  if (depth > MAX_DEPTH) throw new Error("too deep");  return node.children.map((c) => expand(c, depth + 1));}

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

References

All records