Race condition in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 2.x through 4.x before 4.8.3 allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging incorrect ha
Race condition in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 2.x through 4.x before 4.8.3 allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging incorrect handling of a copy-on-write (COW) feature to write to a read-only memory mapping, as exploited in the wild in October 2016, aka "Dirty COW."
- BDU:2017-00758
- DLA-670-1
- DSA-3696-1
- openSUSE-SU-2020:0554-1
- RHSA-2016:2098
- RHSA-2016:2105
- RHSA-2016:2106
- RHSA-2016:2107
- RHSA-2016:2110
- RHSA-2016:2118
- RHSA-2016:2120
- RHSA-2016:2124
- RHSA-2016:2126
- RHSA-2016:2127
- RHSA-2016:2128
- RHSA-2016:2132
- RHSA-2016:2133
- RHSA-2017:0372
- SUSE-SU-2016:2585-1
- SUSE-SU-2016:2592-1
- Published
- Nov 10, 2016
- Updated
- Jun 16, 2026
- EPSS
- 83.5% · 100th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-362
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Report tools
Action score
83
Now
Patch today or shut off access.
- CVSS
- 28 / 40 · 7.0 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 30 / 30 · Listed
- EPSS
- 25 / 30 · 83.5%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- active
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- total
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
Actively exploited in the wild
CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Mar 3, 2022. That signals real attacks, not theory.
Remediation deadline for government agencies: Mar 24, 2022.
Affected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
| canonical | ubuntu linux | cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux |
| redhat | enterprise linux | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux |
| redhat | enterprise linux aus | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_aus |
| redhat | enterprise linux eus | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus |
| redhat | enterprise linux long life | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_long_life |
| redhat | enterprise linux tus | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_tus |
| debian | debian linux | cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux |
| fedoraproject | fedora | cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora |
| paloaltonetworks | pan-os | cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os |
| netapp | cloud backup | cpe:2.3:a:netapp:cloud_backup |
| netapp | hci storage nodes | cpe:2.3:a:netapp:hci_storage_nodes |
and 6 more
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- paloaltonetworks pan-os5.1 and later · before 7.0.14
- paloaltonetworks pan-os7.1.0 and later · before 7.1.8
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | linux | before 4.7.8-1 | 4.7.8-1 |
| Debian:7 | linux | before 3.2.82-1 | 3.2.82-1 |
| Debian:8 | linux | before 3.16.36-1+deb8u2 | 3.16.36-1+deb8u2 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | cri-o | before 1.17.1-lp151.2.2 | 1.17.1-lp151.2.2 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | cri-tools | before 1.18.0-lp151.2.1 | 1.18.0-lp151.2.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | go1.14 | before 1.14-lp151.6.1 | 1.14-lp151.6.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | kubernetes | before 1.18.0-lp151.5.1 | 1.18.0-lp151.5.1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-debug | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-debug-debuginfo | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-debug-devel | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-debuginfo | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-debuginfo-common | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-devel | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-doc | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-headers | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-PAE | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-PAE-debuginfo | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-PAE-devel | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-xen | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-xen-debuginfo | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-xen-devel | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::server | kernel-kdump | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::server | kernel-kdump-debuginfo | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
+96
Same product
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Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| debian:linux | 4.7.8-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:cri-o | 1.17.1-lp151.2.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:cri-tools | 1.18.0-lp151.2.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:go1.14 | 1.14-lp151.6.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kubernetes | 1.18.0-lp151.5.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-abi-whitelists | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug-debuginfo | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug-devel | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debuginfo | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-devel | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-doc | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-headers | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-tools | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-tools-debuginfo | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-docs | 3.0.101-84.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-ec2 | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-obs-build | 3.12.62-60.64.8.3 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-pae | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-ppc64 | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-source | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-syms | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-trace | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-xen | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12_Update_16 | 1-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP1_Update_8 | 1-2.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
Weaponized
A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.
Evidence
- Exploit-DB entry ×5
- Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×50
Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.
| Source | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Exploit-DB entry | local | 2016-10-21 |
| Exploit-DB entry | local | 2016-11-27 |
| Exploit-DB entry | local | 2016-10-26 |
| Exploit-DB entry | local | 2016-11-28 |
| Exploit-DB entry | local | 2016-10-19 |
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:1 | 2016-10-21 |
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:1014 | 2016-10-21 |
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:13 | 2016-10-21 |
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:0 | 2016-10-21 |
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:10 | 2016-10-22 |
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:7 | 2016-10-22 |
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:512 | 2016-10-22 |
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
- First PoC-23 d
- Published
- CISA KEV+1938 d
- TodaySep 30, 2026+3611 d
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- High
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-362 · Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
ATT&CK techniques
—
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpChange log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- fortiguard.com/advisory/FG-IR-16-063
- git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=19be0eaffa3ac7d8eb6784ad9bdbc7d67ed8e619
- kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content&id=JSA10770
- kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content&id=JSA10774
- kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content&id=JSA10807
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00034.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00035.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00036.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00038.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00039.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00040.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00045.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00048.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00049.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00050.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00051.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00052.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00053.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00054.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00055.html
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.