CVE-2016-5195: Race condition in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 2.x through 4.x before 4.8.3 allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging incorrect…
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Now (action score 83/100)
- CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (Mar 3, 2022). Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Mar 24, 2022.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 83.5% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.6% of all records.
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
- Fixed version: linux (Debian:12) 4.7.8-1; linux (Debian:7) 3.2.82-1; linux (Debian:8) 3.16.36-1+deb8u2.
- Mentioned 1 time in Turkish national cyber security advisories (siberguvenlik.gov.tr).
Patch today or shut off access. Upgrade to linux (Debian:12) 4.7.8-1; linux (Debian:7) 3.2.82-1; linux (Debian:8) 3.16.36-1+deb8u2 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS
Race condition in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 2.x through 4.x before 4.8.3 allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging incorrect handling of a copy-on-write (COW) feature to write to a read-only memory mapping, as exploited in the wild in October 2016, aka "Dirty COW."
- BDU:2017-00758
- DLA-670-1
- DSA-3696-1
- openSUSE-SU-2020:0554-1
- RHSA-2016:2098
- RHSA-2016:2105
- RHSA-2016:2106
- RHSA-2016:2107
- RHSA-2016:2110
- RHSA-2016:2118
- RHSA-2016:2120
- RHSA-2016:2124
- RHSA-2016:2126
- RHSA-2016:2127
- RHSA-2016:2128
- RHSA-2016:2132
- RHSA-2016:2133
- RHSA-2017:0372
- SUSE-SU-2016:2585-1
- SUSE-SU-2016:2592-1
- Published
- Nov 10, 2016
- Updated
- Jun 16, 2026
- EPSS
- 83.5% · 99th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-362
Report tools
Action score
83
Patch today or shut off access.
- CVSS
- 28 / 40 · 7.0 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 30 / 30 · Listed
- EPSS
- 25 / 30 · 83.5%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- active
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- total
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
Actively exploited in the wild
CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Mar 3, 2022. That signals real attacks, not theory.
Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Mar 24, 2022.
Get told when this record changes
- In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
- Weaponized exploit exists
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
Is your version affected? Check itNoroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
| canonical | ubuntu linux | cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux |
| redhat | enterprise linux | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux |
| redhat | enterprise linux aus | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_aus |
| redhat | enterprise linux eus | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus |
| redhat | enterprise linux long life | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_long_life |
| redhat | enterprise linux tus | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux_tus |
| debian | debian linux | cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux |
| fedoraproject | fedora | cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora |
| paloaltonetworks | pan-os | cpe:2.3:o:paloaltonetworks:pan-os |
| netapp | cloud backup | cpe:2.3:a:netapp:cloud_backup |
| netapp | hci storage nodes | cpe:2.3:a:netapp:hci_storage_nodes |
and 6 more
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- paloaltonetworks pan-os5.1 and later · before 7.0.14
- paloaltonetworks pan-os7.1.0 and later · before 7.1.8
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | linux | before 4.7.8-1 | 4.7.8-1 |
| Debian:7 | linux | before 3.2.82-1 | 3.2.82-1 |
| Debian:8 | linux | before 3.16.36-1+deb8u2 | 3.16.36-1+deb8u2 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | cri-o | before 1.17.1-lp151.2.2 | 1.17.1-lp151.2.2 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | cri-tools | before 1.18.0-lp151.2.1 | 1.18.0-lp151.2.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | go1.14 | before 1.14-lp151.6.1 | 1.14-lp151.6.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | kubernetes | before 1.18.0-lp151.5.1 | 1.18.0-lp151.5.1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-debug | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-debug-debuginfo | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-debug-devel | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-debuginfo | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-debuginfo-common | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-devel | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-doc | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-headers | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-PAE | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-PAE-debuginfo | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-PAE-devel | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-xen | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-xen-debuginfo | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::client | kernel-xen-devel | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::server | kernel-kdump | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:5::server | kernel-kdump-debuginfo | before 0:2.6.18-416.el5 | 0:2.6.18-416.el5 |
+96
Same product
linux: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV90Now
- CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe…KEV89Now
- CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV85Now
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2016-8660Oct 16, 2016 · The XFS subsystem in the Linux kernel through 4.8.2 allows local users to cause a denial of service (fdatasync failure and system hang) by…22Monitor
- ← EarlierCVE-2016-8666Oct 16, 2016 · The IP stack in the Linux kernel before 4.6 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack consumption and panic) or possibly…31Monitor
- Later →CVE-2015-8961Nov 16, 2016 · The __ext4_journal_stop function in fs/ext4/ext4_jbd2.c in the Linux kernel before 4.3.3 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a…32Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| debian:linux | 4.7.8-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:cri-o | 1.17.1-lp151.2.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:cri-tools | 1.18.0-lp151.2.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:go1.14 | 1.14-lp151.6.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kubernetes | 1.18.0-lp151.5.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-abi-whitelists | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug-debuginfo | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug-devel | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debuginfo | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-devel | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-doc | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-headers | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-tools | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-tools-debuginfo | 0:3.10.0-327.36.3.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-docs | 3.0.101-84.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-ec2 | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-obs-build | 3.12.62-60.64.8.3 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-pae | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-ppc64 | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-source | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-syms | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-trace | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-xen | 3.0.101-84.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12_Update_16 | 1-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP1_Update_8 | 1-2.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
Weaponized
A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.
Evidence
- Exploit-DB entry ×5
- Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×50
Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.
| Source | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | 50 repositories | 2016-10-21 → 2025-06-25 |
| Exploit-DB entry | local | 2016-10-21 |
| Exploit-DB entry | local | 2016-11-27 |
| Exploit-DB entry | local | 2016-10-26 |
| Exploit-DB entry | local | 2016-11-28 |
| Exploit-DB entry | local | 2016-10-19 |
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
- First PoC-23 d
- Published
- CISA KEV+1938 d
- TodayNov 15, 2026+3656 d
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
National notice (Türkiye Cybersecurity Directorate / USOM)
Official security notices citing this record; remediation advice is on the agency's page.
- TR-20-273 · Apr 27, 2020(Kubernetes Zafiyeti)
Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · researcher credit · variant or chain candidate · public bounty program.
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- High
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-362 · Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
ATT&CK techniques
—
Change log (1)
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
Show all references (19 more)Show less
- git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=19be0eaffa3ac7d8eb6784ad9bdbc7d67ed8e619
- kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content&id=JSA10770
- kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content&id=JSA10774
- kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content&id=JSA10807
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00034.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00035.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00036.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00038.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00039.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00040.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00045.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00048.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00049.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00050.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00051.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00052.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00053.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00054.html
- lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-10/msg00055.html
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.