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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2023-53526: jbd2: check 'jh->b_transaction' before removing it from checkpoint

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.15% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 2298f2589903a8bc03061b54b31fd97985ab6529, 5.15.132, 590a809ff743e7bd890ba5fb36bc38e20a36de53.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 7.8, NVD 5.5.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 2298f2589903a8bc03061b54b31fd97985ab6529, 5.15.132, 590a809ff743e7bd890ba5fb36bc38e20a36de53 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: jbd2: check 'jh->b_transaction' before removing it from checkpoint Following process will corrupt ext4 image: Step 1: jbd2_journal_commit_transaction __jbd2_journal_insert_checkpoint(jh, commit_transaction) // Put jh into trans1->t_checkpoint_list journal->j_checkpoint_transactions = commit_transaction // Put trans1 into journal->j_checkpoint_transactions Step 2: do_get_write_access test_clear_buffer_dirty(bh) // clear buffer dirty，set jbd dirty __jbd2_journal_file_buffer(jh, transaction) // jh belongs to trans2 Step 3: drop_cache journal_shrink_one_cp_list jbd2_journal_try_remove_checkpoint if (!trylock_buffer(bh)) // lock bh, true if (buffer_dirty(bh)) // buffer is not dirty __jbd2_journal_remove_checkpoint(jh) // remove jh from trans1->t_checkpoint_list Step 4: jbd2_log_do_checkpoint trans1 = journal->j_checkpoint_transactions // jh is not in trans1->t_checkpoint_list jbd2_cleanup_journal_tail(journal) // trans1 is done Step 5: Power cut, trans2 is not committed, jh is lost in next mounting. Fix it by checking 'jh->b_transaction' before remove it from checkpoint.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Oct 1, 2025
Updated
Oct 15, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 4th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.5
CNA · Linux
7.8
2.3 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2023-53526

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel5.15.129 and later · before 5.15.132
  • linux linux kernel6.1.50 and later · before 6.1.54
  • linux linux kernel6.4.13 and later · before 6.5
  • linux linux kernel6.5.1 and later · before 6.5.4
  • linux linux kernel6.5

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 019b59aeb2af6b47d5c8e69c5dc1d731c8df0354, 6.5affected
    • b832174b7f89df3ebab02f5b485d00127a0e1a6e and later · before ef5fea70e5915afd64182d155e72bfb4f275e1fcaffected · git
    • e5c768d809a85e9efd0274b2efe69d4970cc0014 and later · before dbafe636db415299e54d9dfefc1003bda9e71c9daffected · git
    • 46f881b5b1758dc4a35fba4a643c10717d0cf427 and later · before 2298f2589903a8bc03061b54b31fd97985ab6529affected · git
    • 46f881b5b1758dc4a35fba4a643c10717d0cf427 and later · before 590a809ff743e7bd890ba5fb36bc38e20a36de53affected · git
    • 5.15.129 and later · before 5.15.132affected · semver
    • 6.1.50 and later · before 6.1.54affected · semver
    • 6.4.13 and later · before 6.5affected · semver
    • before 6.5not affected · semver
    • 5.15.132 and later · up to and including 5.15.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.55-16.1.55-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.5.6-16.5.6-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-53518Oct 1, 2025 · PM / devfreq: Fix leak in devfreq_dev_release()
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-53520Oct 1, 2025 · Bluetooth: Fix hci_suspend_sync crash
    18Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-39929Oct 4, 2025 · smb: client: fix smbdirect_recv_io leak in smbd_negotiate() error path
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux2298f2589903a8bc03061b54b31fd97985ab6529Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5.15.132Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux590a809ff743e7bd890ba5fb36bc38e20a36de53Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.1.54Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxdbafe636db415299e54d9dfefc1003bda9e71c9dVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxef5fea70e5915afd64182d155e72bfb4f275e1fcVendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.55-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (3 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records