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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-21905: wifi: iwlwifi: limit printed string from FW file

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.24% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 38f0d398b6d7640d223db69df022c4a232f24774, 47616b82f2d42ea2060334746fed9a2988d845c9, 59cdda202829d1d6a095d233386870a59aff986f; azl3 kernel 6.6.82.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.85.1-2; azl3 kernel 6.6.85.1-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.85.1-2.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 38f0d398b6d7640d223db69df022c4a232f24774, 47616b82f2d42ea2060334746fed9a2988d845c9, 59cdda202829d1d6a095d233386870a59aff986f; azl3 kernel 6.6.82.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.85.1-2; azl3 kernel 6.6.85.1-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.85.1-2 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: limit printed string from FW file There's no guarantee here that the file is always with a NUL-termination, so reading the string may read beyond the end of the TLV. If that's the last TLV in the file, it can perhaps even read beyond the end of the file buffer. Fix that by limiting the print format to the size of the buffer we have.

HighCVSS 7.1 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Apr 1, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 15th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

28

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
28 / 40 · 7.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-21905

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel5.2 and later · before 5.4.291
  • linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.235
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.179
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.131
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.83
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.19
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.13.7
  • linux linux kernel6.14

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 5.2affected
    • aee1b6385e29e472ae5592b9652b750a29bf702e and later · before 38f0d398b6d7640d223db69df022c4a232f24774affected · git
    • aee1b6385e29e472ae5592b9652b750a29bf702e and later · before c0e626f2b2390472afac52dfe72b29daf9ed8e1daffected · git
    • aee1b6385e29e472ae5592b9652b750a29bf702e and later · before 47616b82f2d42ea2060334746fed9a2988d845c9affected · git
    • aee1b6385e29e472ae5592b9652b750a29bf702e and later · before 88ed69f924638c7503644e1f8eed1e976f3ffa7aaffected · git
    • aee1b6385e29e472ae5592b9652b750a29bf702e and later · before b02f8d5a71c8571ccf77f285737c566db73ef5e5affected · git
    • aee1b6385e29e472ae5592b9652b750a29bf702e and later · before f265e6031d0bc4fc40c4619cb42466722b46eaa9affected · git
    • aee1b6385e29e472ae5592b9652b750a29bf702e and later · before 59cdda202829d1d6a095d233386870a59aff986faffected · git
    • aee1b6385e29e472ae5592b9652b750a29bf702e and later · before e0dc2c1bef722cbf16ae557690861e5f91208129affected · git
    • before 5.2not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:10kernel-abi-stablelistsbefore 6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_06.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0
AlmaLinux:10kernel-docbefore 6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_06.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0
AlmaLinux:8bpftoolbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernelbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-abi-stablelistsbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-corebefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-cross-headersbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debugbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-corebefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-develbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-develbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-docbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-headersbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rtbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-corebefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debugbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-corebefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-develbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_104.18.0-553.64.1.rt7.405.el8_10

+96

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-21903Apr 1, 2025 · mctp i3c: handle NULL header address
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-21904Apr 1, 2025 · caif_virtio: fix wrong pointer check in cfv_probe()
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-21907Apr 1, 2025 · mm: memory-failure: update ttu flag inside unmap_poisoned_folio
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux38f0d398b6d7640d223db69df022c4a232f24774Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux47616b82f2d42ea2060334746fed9a2988d845c9Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux59cdda202829d1d6a095d233386870a59aff986fVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux88ed69f924638c7503644e1f8eed1e976f3ffa7aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxb02f8d5a71c8571ccf77f285737c566db73ef5e5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxc0e626f2b2390472afac52dfe72b29daf9ed8e1dVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxe0dc2c1bef722cbf16ae557690861e5f91208129Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxf265e6031d0bc4fc40c4619cb42466722b46eaa9Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.82.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.85.1-2 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 kernel 6.6.85.1-2 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.85.1-2 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 kernel 5.15.176.3-3 on CBL Mariner 2.05.15.180.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 kernel 5.15.176.3-3 on CBL-Mariner 2.05.15.180.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 kernel 5.15.180.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.05.15.180.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
almalinux:bpftool4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-abi-stablelists6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-core4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-cross-headers4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-core4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-devel4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-modules4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-modules-extra4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-devel4.18.0-553.64.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-doc6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux6.1.133-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-debuginfo0:6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-devel0:6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched0:6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-64k-debuginfo0:6.12.0-55.22.1.el10_0 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)

+13

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds Read

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (9 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records