NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2024-41958: Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) Bypass in mailcow: dockerized

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)

Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 63.3% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
No fixed version is recorded, but the references include a patch (commit or PR) link.

Low priority for now. See the fix and affected versions sections below.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

mailcow: dockerized is an open source groupware/email suite based on docker. A vulnerability has been discovered in the two-factor authentication (2FA) mechanism. This flaw allows an authenticated attacker to bypass the 2FA protection, enabling unauthorized access to other accounts that are otherwise secured with 2FA. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must first have access to an account within the system and possess the credentials of the target account that has 2FA enabled. By leveraging these credentials, the attacker can circumvent the 2FA process and gain access to the protected account. This issue has been addressed in the `2024-07` release. All users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

HighCVSS 7.2 · v3.1—Proof of concept No fix recorded

BDU:2024-06575

Published: Aug 5, 2024
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 1.0% · 63th percentile
CWE: CWE-697

Report tools

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Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 28 / 40 · 7.2 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 1.0%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical impact: partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: 7.2
CNA · GitHub_M: 6.6; 0.6 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
mailcow	mailcow\	cpe:2.3:a:mailcow:mailcow\

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

mailcow mailcow: dockerizedbefore 2024-07

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

mailcow mailcow-dockerized
- < 2024-07affected

Same product

mailcow: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2022-31245mailcow before 2022-05d allows a remote authenticated user to inject OS commands and escalate privileges to domain admin via the --debug opt
37Monitor
CVE-2023-26490mailcow is vulnerable to shell command injection via xoauth2 authentication in imapsync
36Monitor
CVE-2022-31138OS Command Injection in mailcow
36Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2024-30270Apr 4, 2024 · mailcow Path Traversal and Arbitrary Code Execution Vulnerability
32Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2024-31204Apr 4, 2024 · mailcow Cross-site Scripting Vulnerability via Exception Handler
26Monitor
Later →CVE-2024-41959Aug 5, 2024 · Cross-site Scripting (XSS) via API Logs in mailcow: dockerized
24Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
Source	Kind	Date
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:4	2024-08-05

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

First PoCAug 5, 2024-1 d
PublishedAug 5, 2024
TodayOct 27, 2026+813 d

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

mailcow/mailcow-dockerizedcommit f33d82f

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

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Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).