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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2023-53109: net: tunnels: annotate lockless accesses to dev->needed_headroom

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.20% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 4b397c06cb987935b1b097336532aa6b4210e091, 51f3bd3765bc5ca4583af07a00833da00d2ace1d, 5aaab217c8f5387b9c5fff9e940d80f135e04366.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 4b397c06cb987935b1b097336532aa6b4210e091, 51f3bd3765bc5ca4583af07a00833da00d2ace1d, 5aaab217c8f5387b9c5fff9e940d80f135e04366 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: tunnels: annotate lockless accesses to dev->needed_headroom IP tunnels can apparently update dev->needed_headroom in their xmit path. This patch takes care of three tunnels xmit, and also the core LL_RESERVED_SPACE() and LL_RESERVED_SPACE_EXTRA() helpers. More changes might be needed for completeness. BUG: KCSAN: data-race in ip_tunnel_xmit / ip_tunnel_xmit read to 0xffff88815b9da0ec of 2 bytes by task 888 on cpu 1: ip_tunnel_xmit+0x1270/0x1730 net/ipv4/ip_tunnel.c:803 __gre_xmit net/ipv4/ip_gre.c:469 [inline] ipgre_xmit+0x516/0x570 net/ipv4/ip_gre.c:661 __netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:4881 [inline] netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:4895 [inline] xmit_one net/core/dev.c:3580 [inline] dev_hard_start_xmit+0x127/0x400 net/core/dev.c:3596 __dev_queue_xmit+0x1007/0x1eb0 net/core/dev.c:4246 dev_queue_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:3051 [inline] neigh_direct_output+0x17/0x20 net/core/neighbour.c:1623 neigh_output include/net/neighbour.h:546 [inline] ip_finish_output2+0x740/0x840 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:228 ip_finish_output+0xf4/0x240 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:316 NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:291 [inline] ip_output+0xe5/0x1b0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:430 dst_output include/net/dst.h:444 [inline] ip_local_out+0x64/0x80 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:126 iptunnel_xmit+0x34a/0x4b0 net/ipv4/ip_tunnel_core.c:82 ip_tunnel_xmit+0x1451/0x1730 net/ipv4/ip_tunnel.c:813 __gre_xmit net/ipv4/ip_gre.c:469 [inline] ipgre_xmit+0x516/0x570 net/ipv4/ip_gre.c:661 __netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:4881 [inline] netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:4895 [inline] xmit_one net/core/dev.c:3580 [inline] dev_hard_start_xmit+0x127/0x400 net/core/dev.c:3596 __dev_queue_xmit+0x1007/0x1eb0 net/core/dev.c:4246 dev_queue_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:3051 [inline] neigh_direct_output+0x17/0x20 net/core/neighbour.c:1623 neigh_output include/net/neighbour.h:546 [inline] ip_finish_output2+0x740/0x840 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:228 ip_finish_output+0xf4/0x240 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:316 NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:291 [inline] ip_output+0xe5/0x1b0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:430 dst_output include/net/dst.h:444 [inline] ip_local_out+0x64/0x80 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:126 iptunnel_xmit+0x34a/0x4b0 net/ipv4/ip_tunnel_core.c:82 ip_tunnel_xmit+0x1451/0x1730 net/ipv4/ip_tunnel.c:813 __gre_xmit net/ipv4/ip_gre.c:469 [inline] ipgre_xmit+0x516/0x570 net/ipv4/ip_gre.c:661 __netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:4881 [inline] netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:4895 [inline] xmit_one net/core/dev.c:3580 [inline] dev_hard_start_xmit+0x127/0x400 net/core/dev.c:3596 __dev_queue_xmit+0x1007/0x1eb0 net/core/dev.c:4246 dev_queue_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:3051 [inline] neigh_direct_output+0x17/0x20 net/core/neighbour.c:1623 neigh_output include/net/neighbour.h:546 [inline] ip_finish_output2+0x740/0x840 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:228 ip_finish_output+0xf4/0x240 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:316 NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:291 [inline] ip_output+0xe5/0x1b0 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:430 dst_output include/net/dst.h:444 [inline] ip_local_out+0x64/0x80 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:126 iptunnel_xmit+0x34a/0x4b0 net/ipv4/ip_tunnel_core.c:82 ip_tunnel_xmit+0x1451/0x1730 net/ipv4/ip_tunnel.c:813 __gre_xmit net/ipv4/ip_gre.c:469 [inline] ipgre_xmit+0x516/0x570 net/ipv4/ip_gre.c:661 __netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:4881 [inline] netdev_start_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:4895 [inline] xmit_one net/core/dev.c:3580 [inline] dev_hard_start_xmit+0x127/0x400 net/core/dev.c:3596 __dev_queue_xmit+0x1007/0x1eb0 net/core/dev.c:4246 dev_queue_xmit include/linux/netdevice.h:3051 [inline] neigh_direct_output+0x17/0x20 net/core/neighbour.c:1623 neigh_output include/net/neighbour.h:546 [inline] ip_finish_output2+0x740/0x840 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:228 ip_finish_output+0xf4/0x240 net/ipv4/ip_output.c:316 NF_HOOK_COND include/linux/netfilter.h:291 [inline] ip_output+0xe5/0x1b0 net/i ---truncated---

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
May 2, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 10th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
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  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel4.7 and later · before 4.14.311
  • linux linux kernel4.15 and later · before 4.19.279
  • linux linux kernel4.20 and later · before 5.4.238
  • linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.176
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.104
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.21
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.2.8
  • linux linux kernel6.3

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 4.7affected
    • 8eb30be0352d09165e94a41fef1c7b994dca0714 and later · before 8e206f66d824b3b28a7f9ee1366dfc79a937bb46affected · git
    • 8eb30be0352d09165e94a41fef1c7b994dca0714 and later · before 51f3bd3765bc5ca4583af07a00833da00d2ace1daffected · git
    • 8eb30be0352d09165e94a41fef1c7b994dca0714 and later · before 5aaab217c8f5387b9c5fff9e940d80f135e04366affected · git
    • 8eb30be0352d09165e94a41fef1c7b994dca0714 and later · before be59b87ee4aed81db7c10e44f603866a0ac3ca5daffected · git
    • 8eb30be0352d09165e94a41fef1c7b994dca0714 and later · before e0a557fc1daf5c1086e47150a4571aebadbb62beaffected · git
    • 8eb30be0352d09165e94a41fef1c7b994dca0714 and later · before a69b72b57b7d269e833e520ba7500d556e8189b6affected · git
    • 8eb30be0352d09165e94a41fef1c7b994dca0714 and later · before 9b86a8702b042ee4e15d2d46375be873a6a8834faffected · git
    • 8eb30be0352d09165e94a41fef1c7b994dca0714 and later · before 4b397c06cb987935b1b097336532aa6b4210e091affected · git
    • before 4.7not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.25-16.1.25-1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-64kbbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.240.25.14.21-150400.24.240.2
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-docsbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.240.15.14.21-150400.24.240.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-obs-buildbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.240.15.14.21-150400.24.240.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-symsbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.240.15.14.21-150400.24.240.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_59before 1-150400.9.5.11-150400.9.5.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3kernel-defaultbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.240.25.14.21-150400.24.240.2
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3kernel-default-basebefore 5.14.21-150400.24.240.2.150400.24.120.25.14.21-150400.24.240.2.150400.24.120.2
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3kernel-rtbefore 5.14.21-150400.15.186.15.14.21-150400.15.186.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3kernel-sourcebefore 5.14.21-150400.24.240.15.14.21-150400.24.240.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3kernel-source-rtbefore 5.14.21-150400.15.186.15.14.21-150400.15.186.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSSkernel-zfcpdumpbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.240.25.14.21-150400.24.240.2

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-53106May 2, 2025 · nfc: st-nci: Fix use after free bug in ndlc_remove due to race condition
    31Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-53108May 2, 2025 · net/iucv: Fix size of interrupt data
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2023-53112May 2, 2025 · drm/i915/sseu: fix max_subslices array-index-out-of-bounds access
    28Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux4b397c06cb987935b1b097336532aa6b4210e091Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux51f3bd3765bc5ca4583af07a00833da00d2ace1dVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5aaab217c8f5387b9c5fff9e940d80f135e04366Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux8e206f66d824b3b28a7f9ee1366dfc79a937bb46Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux9b86a8702b042ee4e15d2d46375be873a6a8834fVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxa69b72b57b7d269e833e520ba7500d556e8189b6Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxbe59b87ee4aed81db7c10e44f603866a0ac3ca5dVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxe0a557fc1daf5c1086e47150a4571aebadbb62beVendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.25-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-64kb5.14.21-150400.24.240.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default5.14.21-150400.24.240.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default-base5.14.21-150400.24.240.2.150400.24.120.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-docs5.14.21-150400.24.240.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_591-150400.9.5.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-obs-build5.14.21-150400.24.240.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-rt5.14.21-150400.15.186.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source5.14.21-150400.24.240.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source-rt5.14.21-150400.15.186.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-syms5.14.21-150400.24.240.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-zfcpdump5.14.21-150400.24.240.2 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSSPackage registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (7 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records