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CVE.org (no NVD analysis yet)· CNA Linux

CVE-2026-98229: xfrm: save input state data before secpath resets

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.16% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 148db154066b066616b82c12d373e786eba1f96a, 35de97850987b3d022ed17df5b2577242e746daf, 3cf5cdecd99c9c186a5ea518d93bbf3045b6e3aa; azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 Release Notes.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 148db154066b066616b82c12d373e786eba1f96a, 35de97850987b3d022ed17df5b2577242e746daf, 3cf5cdecd99c9c186a5ea518d93bbf3045b6e3aa; azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 Release Notes or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: save input state data before secpath resets xfrm_input() stores the current xfrm_state in the skb secpath while it continues receive-side processing. Some input paths can reset that secpath before xfrm_input() has finished dereferencing the state. Receive callback users such as VTI and XFRM interfaces can reset the secpath. The VTI receive path does so before checking whether the packet crosses network namespaces, while the XFRM interface path does so only for cross-network-namespace packets. The XFRM_MAX_DEPTH error path can also reset the secpath before the final drop callback reports the current state's protocol. If secpath_reset() drops the last state reference while the state is concurrently deleted, xfrm_input() can still dereference the freed state when selecting transport_finish() or reporting the drop callback protocol. Save the state protocol on the stack while the state is still valid, and use the already saved address family for transport_finish(). A larval XFRM_STATE_ACQ state has no type, so retain nexthdr as its protocol. This preserves the existing drop-path fallback while avoiding the post-reset state dereferences without adding an extra state reference to every received packet.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Oct 6, 2026
Updated
Oct 19, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 6th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · Linux
7.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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When you'll hear from us

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
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  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 3.15affected
    • df3893c176e9b0bb39b28ab5ec8113fa20ad1ee0 and later · before 35de97850987b3d022ed17df5b2577242e746dafaffected · git
    • df3893c176e9b0bb39b28ab5ec8113fa20ad1ee0 and later · before 148db154066b066616b82c12d373e786eba1f96aaffected · git
    • df3893c176e9b0bb39b28ab5ec8113fa20ad1ee0 and later · before 537a5ae18b2be70f8eb0aca843682e81a69aab91affected · git
    • df3893c176e9b0bb39b28ab5ec8113fa20ad1ee0 and later · before 3cf5cdecd99c9c186a5ea518d93bbf3045b6e3aaaffected · git
    • before 3.15not affected · semver
    • 6.12.112 and later · up to and including 6.12.*not affected · semver
    • 6.18.54 and later · up to and including 6.18.*not affected · semver
    • 7.2.8 and later · up to and including 7.2.*not affected · semver
    • 7.3 and laternot affected · original_commit_for_fix

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxfrom 0—
Debian:12linux-6.12before 6.12.113-1~deb12u16.12.113-1~deb12u1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.113-16.12.113-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 7.2.8-17.2.8-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-74705udp: fix potential use-after-free in tunnel segmentation
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74612veth: fix skb length accounting after XDP frag adjustment
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74475vxlan: use neigh_ha_snapshot() in route_shortcircuit()
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-98227Oct 6, 2026 · memstick: ms_block: destroy io_queue workqueue on removal
    0Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-98228Oct 6, 2026 · mips: select CONFIG_WEAK_REORDERING_BEYOND_LLSC from CONFIG_EYEQ
    31Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-98230Oct 6, 2026 · xfrm: use hlist_del_init_rcu for state_cache and state_cache_input
    28Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux148db154066b066616b82c12d373e786eba1f96aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux35de97850987b3d022ed17df5b2577242e746dafVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux3cf5cdecd99c9c186a5ea518d93bbf3045b6e3aaVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux537a5ae18b2be70f8eb0aca843682e81a69aab91Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0Release NotesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.12.113-1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux7.2.8-1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux-6.126.12.113-1~deb12u1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. Fix recordedsame day
  3. TodayNov 1, 2026+26 d
EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. CVSS— → 7.8
  2. Severity— → high
  3. Exploit maturity— → none
  4. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (3 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records