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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2026-97415: btrfs: tree-checker: validate names in ROOT_REF and ROOT_BACKREF

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.13% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 0af37c217edf15fa21dac1c40822086df356c6bb, 1370badf6b823ce3cde39a65f46f9e5dc7b4bf43, 74f577c722c99248d804eca18e7de7c5e47549d7; azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.158.1-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 0af37c217edf15fa21dac1c40822086df356c6bb, 1370badf6b823ce3cde39a65f46f9e5dc7b4bf43, 74f577c722c99248d804eca18e7de7c5e47549d7; azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.158.1-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: tree-checker: validate names in ROOT_REF and ROOT_BACKREF ROOT_REF and ROOT_BACKREF items contain a struct btrfs_root_ref followed by the subvolume name. Several readers assume that this layout is already valid and then use the on-disk name length directly. A corrupted item can therefore make those readers address bytes outside the item, and BTRFS_IOC_GET_SUBVOL_INFO can copy too many bytes into its fixed-size UAPI name buffer. Validate ROOT_REF and ROOT_BACKREF items in tree-checker before any reader uses them. Reject records that do not contain a non-empty name, whose name_len does not exactly describe the remaining item payload, or whose name exceeds BTRFS_NAME_LEN. For BTRFS_IOC_GET_SUBVOL_INFO, copy only the validated on-disk name_len instead of deriving the copy length from the item size. The ioctl result is zeroed when allocated. That leaves the existing trailing zero byte untouched.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Sep 24, 2026
Updated
Oct 3, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 2th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · Linux
7.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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Follow CVE-2026-97415

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
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  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 4.18affected
    • b64ec075bded2b30bcd90af5aa5256d2237c885d and later · before 1370badf6b823ce3cde39a65f46f9e5dc7b4bf43affected · git
    • b64ec075bded2b30bcd90af5aa5256d2237c885d and later · before ba6c4fc662853f6662e4db060cf88ee994053e21affected · git
    • b64ec075bded2b30bcd90af5aa5256d2237c885d and later · before 9154542070ca7eadb3c764a882f39a127677854baffected · git
    • b64ec075bded2b30bcd90af5aa5256d2237c885d and later · before 74f577c722c99248d804eca18e7de7c5e47549d7affected · git
    • b64ec075bded2b30bcd90af5aa5256d2237c885d and later · before 0af37c217edf15fa21dac1c40822086df356c6bbaffected · git
    • before 4.18not affected · semver
    • 6.1.189 and later · up to and including 6.1.*not affected · semver
    • 6.6.158 and later · up to and including 6.6.*not affected · semver
    • 6.12.111 and later · up to and including 6.12.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.190-16.1.190-1
Debian:12linux-6.12before 6.12.111-1~deb12u16.12.111-1~deb12u1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.111-16.12.111-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 7.2.6-17.2.6-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-74705udp: fix potential use-after-free in tunnel segmentation
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74612veth: fix skb length accounting after XDP frag adjustment
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74475vxlan: use neigh_ha_snapshot() in route_shortcircuit()
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-97412Sep 24, 2026 · pds_core: quiesce DMA before freeing resources
    0Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-97413Sep 24, 2026 · RDMA/rtrs-srv: Fix integer underflow in process_read and process_write
    39Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-97416Sep 24, 2026 · btrfs: balance: fix potential bg lookup failure in btrfs_may_alloc_data_chunk()
    0Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux0af37c217edf15fa21dac1c40822086df356c6bbVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux1370badf6b823ce3cde39a65f46f9e5dc7b4bf43Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux74f577c722c99248d804eca18e7de7c5e47549d7Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux9154542070ca7eadb3c764a882f39a127677854bVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxba6c4fc662853f6662e4db060cf88ee994053e21Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.158.1-1 · Release NotesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.190-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux6.12.111-1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux-6.126.12.111-1~deb12u1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

Show all references (4 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records