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CVE-2026-8086· NVD / CVE Program· CNA VulDB

OSGeo gdal SWapi.c SWnentries heap-based overflow

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 7/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.26% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: OSGeo gdal 3.12.4RC1.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 4.8, NVD 1.9.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to OSGeo gdal 3.12.4RC1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A vulnerability was identified in OSGeo gdal up to 3.13.0dev-4. This issue affects the function SWnentries of the file frmts/hdf4/hdf-eos/SWapi.c. Such manipulation of the argument DimensionName leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack must be carried out locally. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. Upgrading to version 3.12.4RC1 is capable of addressing this issue. The name of the patch is 9491e794f1757f08063ea2f7a274ad2994afa636. It is advisable to upgrade the affected component.

LowCVSS 1.9 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
May 7, 2026
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 17th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

7

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
7 / 40 · 1.9 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · VulDB
4.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
osgeogdal

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • osgeo gdalup to 3.12.4 inclusive
  • osgeo gdal3.13.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (VulDB). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • OSGeo gdal

    • 3.12.4RC1not affected
    • 3.13.0dev-4affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12gdalfrom 0—
Debian:14gdalbefore 3.13.0+dfsg-13.13.0+dfsg-1
PyPIgdalbefore 3.13.03.13.0

Same product

osgeo: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2019-17545GDAL through 3.0.1 has a poolDestroy double free in OGRExpatRealloc in ogr/ogr_expat.cpp when the 10MB threshold is exceeded.
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-4738GDAL Bundled zlib (inftree9.c) Pointer Offset Optimization Undefined Behavior Allows Heap Corruption or Remote Code Execution
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-49014In GDAL 3.1.0 through 3.13.0, scanForGeometryContainers in the netCDF driver allows code execution via a stack-based buffer overflow.
    31Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-29480Apr 7, 2025 · Buffer Overflow vulnerability in gdal 3.10.2 allows a local attacker to cause a denial of service via the OGRSpatialReference::Release funct
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-8084May 7, 2026 · OSGeo gdal HDF-EOS Grid File SWapi.c memmove out-of-bounds
    7Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-8087May 7, 2026 · OSGeo gdal GDapi.c GDnentries heap-based overflow
    7Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
OSGeo gdal3.12.4RC1 · descriptionVendor (CNA)
debian:gdal3.13.0+dfsg-1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)
PyPI:gdal3.13.0Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-473844 days apartGDAL Bundled zlib (inftree9.c) Pointer Offset Optimization Undefined Behavior Allows Heap Corruption or Remote Code Execution
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-80840 days apartOSGeo gdal HDF-EOS Grid File SWapi.c memmove out-of-bounds
    7Monitor
  • CVE-2026-80870 days apartOSGeo gdal GDapi.c GDnentries heap-based overflow
    7Monitor
  • CVE-2026-80880 days apartOSGeo gdal GDapi.c GDfieldinfo out-of-bounds
    7Monitor
  • CVE-2026-82122 days apartOSGeo gdal SWapi.c SWSDfldsrch heap-based overflow
    7Monitor
  • CVE-2026-82132 days apartOSGeo gdal Grid File GDapi.c GDSDfldsrch heap-based overflow
    7Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-119 · Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

Show all references (5 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records