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NVD / CVE Program· CNA apache

CVE-2026-65905: Apache Tomcat: Limited replay attack possible with DIGEST authentication

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 39/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.75% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 55.3% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: Apache Software Foundation Apache Tomcat 11.0.25.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Apache Software Foundation Apache Tomcat 11.0.25 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Apache Tomcat's DIGEST authenticator. If, before windowSize requests have been made, a client makes a DIGEST authenticated request with a nonceCount on the upper boundary of the replay window then that request is replayable once only while the associated nonceCount remains within the replay window.   This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.30 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.

CriticalCVSS 9.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Aug 25, 2026
Updated
Aug 27, 2026
EPSS
0.7% · 55th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

39

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
39 / 40 · 9.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.7%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2026-65905

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
apachetomcat

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • apache tomcat7.0.30 and later · up to 7.0.109 inclusive
  • apache tomcat8.5.0 and later · before 9.0.121
  • apache tomcat10.1.0 and later · before 10.1.58
  • apache tomcat11.0.0 and later · before 11.0.25

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (apache). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Apache Software Foundation Apache Tomcat

    • 11.0.0-M1 and later · up to and including 11.0.24affected · semver
    • 10.1.0-M1 and later · up to and including 10.1.57affected · semver
    • 9.0.0.M1 and later · up to and including 9.0.120affected · semver
    • 8.5.0 and later · up to and including 8.5.100affected · semver
    • 7.0.30 and later · up to and including 7.0.109affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:8tomcatbefore 1:9.0.121-1.el8_101:9.0.121-1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8tomcat-admin-webappsbefore 1:9.0.121-1.el8_101:9.0.121-1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8tomcat-docs-webappbefore 1:9.0.121-1.el8_101:9.0.121-1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8tomcat-el-3.0-apibefore 1:9.0.121-1.el8_101:9.0.121-1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8tomcat-jsp-2.3-apibefore 1:9.0.121-1.el8_101:9.0.121-1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8tomcat-libbefore 1:9.0.121-1.el8_101:9.0.121-1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8tomcat-servlet-4.0-apibefore 1:9.0.121-1.el8_101:9.0.121-1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8tomcat-webappsbefore 1:9.0.121-1.el8_101:9.0.121-1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:9tomcatbefore 1:9.0.121-1.el9_81:9.0.121-1.el9_8
AlmaLinux:9tomcat-admin-webappsbefore 1:9.0.121-1.el9_81:9.0.121-1.el9_8
AlmaLinux:9tomcat-docs-webappbefore 1:9.0.121-1.el9_81:9.0.121-1.el9_8
AlmaLinux:9tomcat-el-3.0-apibefore 1:9.0.121-1.el9_81:9.0.121-1.el9_8
AlmaLinux:9tomcat-jsp-2.3-apibefore 1:9.0.121-1.el9_81:9.0.121-1.el9_8
AlmaLinux:9tomcat-libbefore 1:9.0.121-1.el9_81:9.0.121-1.el9_8
AlmaLinux:9tomcat-servlet-4.0-apibefore 1:9.0.121-1.el9_81:9.0.121-1.el9_8
AlmaLinux:9tomcat-webappsbefore 1:9.0.121-1.el9_81:9.0.121-1.el9_8
Debian:12tomcat10before 10.1.60-1~deb12u110.1.60-1~deb12u1
Debian:12tomcat9before 9.0.70-29.0.70-2
Debian:13tomcat10from 0—
Debian:13tomcat11from 0—
Debian:14tomcat10before 10.1.60-110.1.60-1
Mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcatfrom 10.1.0-M1 · before 10.1.5810.1.58
Mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcatfrom 11.0.0-M1 · before 11.0.2511.0.25
Mavenorg.apache.tomcat:tomcatfrom 7.0.30 · up to and including 7.0.109—

+96

Same product

apache: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-24813Apache Tomcat: Potential RCE and/or information disclosure and/or information corruption with partial PUTKEV
    99Now
  • CVE-2016-8735Remote code execution is possible with Apache Tomcat before 6.0.48, 7.x before 7.0.73, 8.x before 8.0.39, 8.5.x before 8.5.7, and 9.x beforeKEV
    96Now
  • CVE-2017-12617When running Apache Tomcat versions 9.0.0.M1 to 9.0.0, 8.5.0 to 8.5.22, 8.0.0.RC1 to 8.0.46 and 7.0.0 to 7.0.81 with HTTP PUTs enabled (e.g.KEV
    92Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-65183Aug 25, 2026 · Apache Tomcat: TOCTOU when setting specific permissions for Unix Domain Sockets
    32Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-65637Aug 25, 2026 · Apache Tomcat: HTTP/2 no-authority bypass of strict SNI validation - CVE-2026-32990 fix incomplete
    39Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-65927Aug 25, 2026 · Apache Tomcat: RewriteValve [N] restarts at the second rule and may bypass access control
    30Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Apache Software Foundation Apache Tomcat11.0.25 · descriptionVendor (CNA)
almalinux:tomcat1:9.0.121-1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:tomcat-admin-webapps1:9.0.121-1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:tomcat-docs-webapp1:9.0.121-1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:tomcat-el-3.0-api1:9.0.121-1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:tomcat-jsp-2.3-api1:9.0.121-1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:tomcat-lib1:9.0.121-1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:tomcat-servlet-4.0-api1:9.0.121-1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:tomcat-webapps1:9.0.121-1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
debian:tomcat1010.1.60-1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)
debian:tomcat1010.1.60-1~deb12u1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
debian:tomcat99.0.70-2 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
Maven:org.apache.tomcat:tomcat10.1.58Package registry (OSV)
Maven:org.apache.tomcat:tomcat11.0.25Package registry (OSV)
Maven:org.apache.tomcat:tomcat9.0.121Package registry (OSV)
Maven:org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina10.1.58Package registry (OSV)
Maven:org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina11.0.25Package registry (OSV)
Maven:org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina9.0.121Package registry (OSV)
Maven:org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core10.1.58Package registry (OSV)
Maven:org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core11.0.25Package registry (OSV)
Maven:org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core9.0.121Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:tomcat9.0.121-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:tomcat1010.1.59-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:tomcat1111.0.25-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:jws6-tomcat0:10.1.49-16.redhat_00016.1.el10jws · Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:6.2::el10Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jws6-tomcat-admin-webapps0:10.1.49-16.redhat_00016.1.el10jws · Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:6.2::el10Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jws6-tomcat-docs-webapp0:10.1.49-16.redhat_00016.1.el10jws · Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:6.2::el10Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jws6-tomcat-el-5.0-api0:10.1.49-16.redhat_00016.1.el10jws · Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:6.2::el10Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jws6-tomcat-javadoc0:10.1.49-16.redhat_00016.1.el10jws · Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:6.2::el10Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jws6-tomcat-jsp-3.1-api0:10.1.49-16.redhat_00016.1.el10jws · Red Hat:jboss_enterprise_web_server:6.2::el10Package registry (OSV)

+20

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-294 · Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records