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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2026-23272: netfilter: nf_tables: unconditionally bump set->nelems before insertion

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.18% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 022effa9c54903858e443b1225370e6c758d03f6, 25841e8d4241c6c3763e70ae95050f8108707b46, 25fcaef7948912652905e96922f36583a84fffed.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 022effa9c54903858e443b1225370e6c758d03f6, 25841e8d4241c6c3763e70ae95050f8108707b46, 25fcaef7948912652905e96922f36583a84fffed or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: unconditionally bump set->nelems before insertion In case that the set is full, a new element gets published then removed without waiting for the RCU grace period, while RCU reader can be walking over it already. To address this issue, add the element transaction even if set is full, but toggle the set_full flag to report -ENFILE so the abort path safely unwinds the set to its previous state. As for element updates, decrement set->nelems to restore it. A simpler fix is to call synchronize_rcu() in the error path. However, with a large batch adding elements to already maxed-out set, this could cause noticeable slowdown of such batches.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Mar 20, 2026
Updated
Oct 30, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 7th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · Linux
7.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel4.9.33 and later · before 4.10
  • linux linux kernel4.10.1 and later · before 6.18.17
  • linux linux kernel6.19 and later · before 6.19.7
  • linux linux kernel4.10
  • linux linux kernel7.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • fefdd79403e89b0c673965343b92e2e01e2713a8, 4.10affected
    • 35d0ac9070ef619e3bf44324375878a1c540387b and later · before 25841e8d4241c6c3763e70ae95050f8108707b46affected · git
    • 35d0ac9070ef619e3bf44324375878a1c540387b and later · before 022effa9c54903858e443b1225370e6c758d03f6affected · git
    • 35d0ac9070ef619e3bf44324375878a1c540387b and later · before 25fcaef7948912652905e96922f36583a84fffedaffected · git
    • 35d0ac9070ef619e3bf44324375878a1c540387b and later · before e3ccb11fc8249759d23326038c8db987ddaabc77affected · git
    • 35d0ac9070ef619e3bf44324375878a1c540387b and later · before 86bc4b1a0f672d47ac19f9022432cb6a2e01cb33affected · git
    • 35d0ac9070ef619e3bf44324375878a1c540387b and later · before 6826131c7674329335ca25df2550163eb8a1fd0caffected · git
    • 35d0ac9070ef619e3bf44324375878a1c540387b and later · before ccb8c8f3c1127cf34d18c737309897c68046bf21affected · git
    • 35d0ac9070ef619e3bf44324375878a1c540387b and later · before def602e498a4f951da95c95b1b8ce8ae68aa733aaffected · git
    • 4.9.33 and later · before 4.10affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.177-16.1.177-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.94-16.12.94-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.19.8-16.19.8-1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-64kbbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.200.15.14.21-150400.24.200.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-docsbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.200.15.14.21-150400.24.200.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-obs-buildbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.200.15.14.21-150400.24.200.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-symsbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.200.15.14.21-150400.24.200.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOSkernel-64kbbefore 5.14.21-150500.55.144.15.14.21-150500.55.144.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOSkernel-docsbefore 5.14.21-150500.55.144.15.14.21-150500.55.144.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOSkernel-obs-buildbefore 5.14.21-150500.55.144.15.14.21-150500.55.144.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOSkernel-symsbefore 5.14.21-150500.55.144.15.14.21-150500.55.144.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_50before 1-150400.9.3.11-150400.9.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_37before 1-150500.11.3.11-150500.11.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2kernel-defaultbefore 5.3.18-150300.59.241.15.3.18-150300.59.241.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2kernel-default-basebefore 5.3.18-150300.59.241.1.150300.18.144.15.3.18-150300.59.241.1.150300.18.144.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2kernel-rtbefore 5.3.18-150300.241.15.3.18-150300.241.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2kernel-sourcebefore 5.3.18-150300.59.241.15.3.18-150300.59.241.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2kernel-source-rtbefore 5.3.18-150300.241.15.3.18-150300.241.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3kernel-defaultbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.200.15.14.21-150400.24.200.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3kernel-default-basebefore 5.14.21-150400.24.200.1.150400.24.102.15.14.21-150400.24.200.1.150400.24.102.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3kernel-rtbefore 5.14.21-150400.15.148.15.14.21-150400.15.148.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3kernel-sourcebefore 5.14.21-150400.24.200.15.14.21-150400.24.200.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3kernel-source-rtbefore 5.14.21-150400.15.148.15.14.21-150400.15.148.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5kernel-defaultbefore 5.14.21-150500.55.144.15.14.21-150500.55.144.1

+6

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-23270Mar 18, 2026 · net/sched: Only allow act_ct to bind to clsact/ingress qdiscs and shared blocks
    31Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-23271Mar 20, 2026 · perf: Fix __perf_event_overflow() vs perf_remove_from_context() race
    31Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-23273Mar 20, 2026 · macvlan: observe an RCU grace period in macvlan_common_newlink() error path
    31Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux022effa9c54903858e443b1225370e6c758d03f6Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux25841e8d4241c6c3763e70ae95050f8108707b46Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux25fcaef7948912652905e96922f36583a84fffedVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux4.10Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6826131c7674329335ca25df2550163eb8a1fd0cVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux86bc4b1a0f672d47ac19f9022432cb6a2e01cb33Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxccb8c8f3c1127cf34d18c737309897c68046bf21Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxdef602e498a4f951da95c95b1b8ce8ae68aa733aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxe3ccb11fc8249759d23326038c8db987ddaabc77Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.177-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-64kb5.14.21-150400.24.200.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default5.3.18-150300.59.241.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default-base5.3.18-150300.59.241.1.150300.18.144.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-docs5.14.21-150400.24.200.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_501-150400.9.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_371-150500.11.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-obs-build5.14.21-150400.24.200.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-rt5.14.21-150400.15.148.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source5.3.18-150300.59.241.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source-rt5.14.21-150400.15.148.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-syms5.14.21-150400.24.200.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-zfcpdump5.14.21-150400.24.200.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSSPackage registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

c
free(dev->buf);/* ... another thread is still running ... */process(dev->buf);

Fixed

c
lock(&dev->lock);free(dev->buf);dev->buf = NULL;unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

All records