Skip to content
Noroxi
NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2026-22998: nvme-tcp: fix NULL pointer dereferences in nvmet_tcp_build_pdu_iovec

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 30/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.77% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 56.1% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 32b63acd78f577b332d976aa06b56e70d054cbba, 374b095e265fa27465f34780e0eb162ff1bef913, 3def5243150716be86599c2a1767c29c68838b6d; azl3 kernel 6.6.121.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.126.1-1; cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0 5.15.200.1-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 32b63acd78f577b332d976aa06b56e70d054cbba, 374b095e265fa27465f34780e0eb162ff1bef913, 3def5243150716be86599c2a1767c29c68838b6d; azl3 kernel 6.6.121.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.126.1-1; cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0 5.15.200.1-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvme-tcp: fix NULL pointer dereferences in nvmet_tcp_build_pdu_iovec Commit efa56305908b ("nvmet-tcp: Fix a kernel panic when host sends an invalid H2C PDU length") added ttag bounds checking and data_offset validation in nvmet_tcp_handle_h2c_data_pdu(), but it did not validate whether the command's data structures (cmd->req.sg and cmd->iov) have been properly initialized before processing H2C_DATA PDUs. The nvmet_tcp_build_pdu_iovec() function dereferences these pointers without NULL checks. This can be triggered by sending H2C_DATA PDU immediately after the ICREQ/ICRESP handshake, before sending a CONNECT command or NVMe write command. Attack vectors that trigger NULL pointer dereferences: 1. H2C_DATA PDU sent before CONNECT → both pointers NULL 2. H2C_DATA PDU for READ command → cmd->req.sg allocated, cmd->iov NULL 3. H2C_DATA PDU for uninitialized command slot → both pointers NULL The fix validates both cmd->req.sg and cmd->iov before calling nvmet_tcp_build_pdu_iovec(). Both checks are required because: - Uninitialized commands: both NULL - READ commands: cmd->req.sg allocated, cmd->iov NULL - WRITE commands: both allocated

HighCVSS 7.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jan 25, 2026
Updated
Oct 19, 2026
EPSS
0.7% · 56th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

30

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.7%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
7.5
CNA · Linux
7.5
agree

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2026-22998

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits instantly.

Your free account also gets you

Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

  • Stack alerts: add the products and versions you run, get the new CVEs that affect them
  • Uptime monitoring: 1 site, instant email when it goes down
  • Add your domain: subdomains and takeover risk scanned every week (1 domain)
  • 10 scans an hour on the security tools (3 a day without an account), an API key and MCP
  • All your scans in one panel: findings, what changed in the last scan, a report per domain or per client (PDF, share link)
All free tools

Sign up with email · Have an account? Sign in

Free account, no card. Unfollow any time.

Don't want an account? Get "Exploited this week" by email every MondayDon't want an account? RSS feed for linux records

Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

Is your version affected? Check it

Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

We use this product, ask for help

Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel5.4.268 and later · before 5.5
  • linux linux kernel5.10.209 and later · before 5.10.249
  • linux linux kernel5.15.148 and later · before 5.15.199
  • linux linux kernel6.1.75 and later · before 6.1.162
  • linux linux kernel6.6.14 and later · before 6.6.122
  • linux linux kernel6.7.2 and later · before 6.12.67
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.18.7
  • linux linux kernel6.19

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • ee5e7632e981673f42a50ade25e71e612e543d9d, 70154e8d015c9b4fb56c1a2ef1fc8b83d45c7f68, 6.8affected
    • f775f2621c2ac5cc3a0b3a64665dad4fb146e510 and later · before baabe43a0edefac8cd7b981ff87f967f6034dafeaffected · git
    • 4cb3cf7177ae3666be7fb27d4ad4d72a295fb02d and later · before 76abc83a9d25593c2b7613c549413079c14a4686affected · git
    • 2871aa407007f6f531fae181ad252486e022df42 and later · before 7d75570002929d20e40110d6b03e46202c9d1bc7affected · git
    • 24e05760186dc070d3db190ca61efdbce23afc88 and later · before fdecd3b6aac10d5a18d0dc500fe57f8648b66cd4affected · git
    • efa56305908ba20de2104f1b8508c6a7401833be and later · before 3def5243150716be86599c2a1767c29c68838b6daffected · git
    • efa56305908ba20de2104f1b8508c6a7401833be and later · before 374b095e265fa27465f34780e0eb162ff1bef913affected · git
    • efa56305908ba20de2104f1b8508c6a7401833be and later · before 32b63acd78f577b332d976aa06b56e70d054cbbaaffected · git
    • 5.10.209 and later · before 5.10.249affected · semver
    • 5.15.148 and later · before 5.15.199affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:10kernel-abi-stablelistsbefore 6.12.0-124.38.1.el10_16.12.0-124.38.1.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10kernel-docbefore 6.12.0-124.38.1.el10_16.12.0-124.38.1.el10_1
AlmaLinux:8bpftoolbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernelbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-abi-stablelistsbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-corebefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-cross-headersbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debugbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-corebefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-develbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-develbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-docbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-headersbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rtbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-corebefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debugbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-corebefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-develbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_104.18.0-553.104.1.rt7.445.el8_10

+96

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-22996Jan 25, 2026 · net/mlx5e: Don't store mlx5e_priv in mlx5e_dev devlink priv
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-22997Jan 25, 2026 · net: can: j1939: j1939_xtp_rx_rts_session_active(): deactivate session upon receiving the second rts
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-22999Jan 25, 2026 · net/sched: sch_qfq: do not free existing class in qfq_change_class()
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux32b63acd78f577b332d976aa06b56e70d054cbbaVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux374b095e265fa27465f34780e0eb162ff1bef913Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux3def5243150716be86599c2a1767c29c68838b6dVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5.10.249Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5.15.199Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5.5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.1.162Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.6.122Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.8Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux76abc83a9d25593c2b7613c549413079c14a4686Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux7d75570002929d20e40110d6b03e46202c9d1bc7Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxbaabe43a0edefac8cd7b981ff87f967f6034dafeVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxfdecd3b6aac10d5a18d0dc500fe57f8648b66cd4Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.121.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.126.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.05.15.200.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
almalinux:bpftool4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-abi-stablelists4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-core4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-cross-headers4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-core4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-devel4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-modules4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-debug-modules-extra4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-devel4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-doc4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux6.1.162-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
red hat:bpftool0:4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:bpftool-debuginfo0:4.18.0-553.104.1.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)

+11

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (6 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records