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NVD / CVE Program· CNA VulDB

CVE-2025-8176: LibTIFF tiffmedian.c get_histogram use after free

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 7/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.28% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: azl3 libtiff 4.6.0-7 on Azure Linux 3.0 4.6.0-7; cbl2 libtiff 4.6.0-6 on CBL Mariner 2.0 4.6.0-7; cbl2 libtiff 4.6.0-8 on CBL Mariner 2.0 4.6.0-8.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 4.8, NVD 1.9.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to azl3 libtiff 4.6.0-7 on Azure Linux 3.0 4.6.0-7; cbl2 libtiff 4.6.0-6 on CBL Mariner 2.0 4.6.0-7; cbl2 libtiff 4.6.0-8 on CBL Mariner 2.0 4.6.0-8 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A vulnerability was found in LibTIFF up to 4.7.0. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function get_histogram of the file tools/tiffmedian.c. The manipulation leads to use after free. The attack needs to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The patch is identified as fe10872e53efba9cc36c66ac4ab3b41a839d5172. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.

LowCVSS 1.9 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jul 26, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 21th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

7

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
7 / 40 · 1.9 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · VulDB
4.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-8176

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
libtifflibtiff

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • libtiff libtiffup to 4.7.0 inclusive

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (VulDB). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • n/a LibTIFF

    • 4.0, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7.0affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:8libtiffbefore 4.0.9-36.el8_104.0.9-36.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8libtiff-develbefore 4.0.9-36.el8_104.0.9-36.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8libtiff-toolsbefore 4.0.9-36.el8_104.0.9-36.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8mingw32-libtiffbefore 4.0.9-3.el8_104.0.9-3.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8mingw32-libtiff-staticbefore 4.0.9-3.el8_104.0.9-3.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8mingw64-libtiffbefore 4.0.9-3.el8_104.0.9-3.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8mingw64-libtiff-staticbefore 4.0.9-3.el8_104.0.9-3.el8_10
AlmaLinux:9libtiffbefore 4.4.0-15.el9_7.24.4.0-15.el9_7.2
AlmaLinux:9libtiffbefore 4.4.0-13.el9_6.24.4.0-13.el9_6.2
AlmaLinux:9libtiff-develbefore 4.4.0-13.el9_6.24.4.0-13.el9_6.2
AlmaLinux:9libtiff-develbefore 4.4.0-15.el9_7.24.4.0-15.el9_7.2
AlmaLinux:9libtiff-toolsbefore 4.4.0-15.el9_7.24.4.0-15.el9_7.2
AlmaLinux:9libtiff-toolsbefore 4.4.0-13.el9_6.24.4.0-13.el9_6.2
Debian:12tifffrom 0—
Debian:14tiffbefore 4.7.1-14.7.1-1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6tiffbefore 4.7.0-150600.3.13.14.7.0-150600.3.13.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0tiffbefore 4.7.1-160000.1.14.7.1-160000.1.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0tiff-manbefore 4.7.1-160000.1.14.7.1-160000.1.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedtiffbefore 4.7.0-7.14.7.0-7.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamlibtiffbefore 0:4.0.9-36.el8_100:4.0.9-36.el8_10
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamlibtiff-debuginfobefore 0:4.0.9-36.el8_100:4.0.9-36.el8_10
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamlibtiff-debugsourcebefore 0:4.0.9-36.el8_100:4.0.9-36.el8_10
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamlibtiff-develbefore 0:4.0.9-36.el8_100:4.0.9-36.el8_10
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamlibtiff-tools-debuginfobefore 0:4.0.9-36.el8_100:4.0.9-36.el8_10

+56

Same product

libtiff: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2006-3459Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in the TIFF library (libtiff) before 3.8.2, as used in Adobe Reader 9.3.0 and other products, allow co
    46Plan
  • CVE-2004-1308Integer overflow in (1) tif_dirread.c and (2) tif_fax3.c for libtiff 3.5.7 and 3.7.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a
    44Plan
  • CVE-2018-12900Heap-based buffer overflow in the cpSeparateBufToContigBuf function in tiffcp.c in LibTIFF 3.9.3, 3.9.4, 3.9.5, 3.9.6, 3.9.7, 4.0.0beta7, 4.
    43Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-52356Jan 25, 2024 · Libtiff: segment fault in libtiff in tiffreadrgbatileext() leading to denial of service
    31Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-7006Aug 12, 2024 · Libtiff: null pointer dereference in tif_dirinfo.c
    30Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-8177Jul 26, 2025 · LibTIFF thumbnail.c setrow buffer overflow
    19Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
azl3 libtiff 4.6.0-7 on Azure Linux 3.04.6.0-7 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 libtiff 4.6.0-6 on CBL Mariner 2.04.6.0-7 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 libtiff 4.6.0-8 on CBL Mariner 2.04.6.0-8 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
almalinux:libtiff4.4.0-13.el9_6.2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:libtiff-devel4.4.0-13.el9_6.2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:libtiff-tools4.4.0-13.el9_6.2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:mingw32-libtiff4.0.9-3.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:mingw32-libtiff-static4.0.9-3.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:mingw64-libtiff4.0.9-3.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:mingw64-libtiff-static4.0.9-3.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
debian:tiff4.7.1-1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:tiff4.7.0-150600.3.13.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:tiff-man4.7.1-160000.1.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:libtiff0:4.4.0-13.el9_6.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:libtiff-debuginfo0:4.4.0-13.el9_6.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:libtiff-debugsource0:4.4.0-13.el9_6.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:libtiff-devel0:4.4.0-13.el9_6.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:libtiff-tools0:4.4.0-13.el9_6.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::crbPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:libtiff-tools-debuginfo0:4.4.0-13.el9_6.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:mingw-libtiff0:4.0.9-3.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::crbPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:mingw32-libtiff0:4.0.9-3.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::crbPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:mingw32-libtiff-debuginfo0:4.0.9-3.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::crbPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:mingw32-libtiff-static0:4.0.9-3.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::crbPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:mingw64-libtiff0:4.0.9-3.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::crbPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:mingw64-libtiff-debuginfo0:4.0.9-3.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::crbPackage registry (OSV)
rocky linux:libtiff0:4.4.0-13.el9_6.2 · Rocky Linux:9Package registry (OSV)
rocky linux:mingw-libtiff0:4.0.9-3.el8_10 · Rocky Linux:8Package registry (OSV)
suse:tiff4.7.0-150600.3.13.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2025-61144212 days apartlibtiff up to v4.7.1 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the readSeparateStripsIntoBuffer function.
    29Monitor
  • CVE-2025-81770 days apartLibTIFF thumbnail.c setrow buffer overflow
    19Monitor
  • CVE-2025-885116 days apartLibTIFF tiffcrop tiffcrop.c readSeparateStripsetoBuffer stack-based overflow
    19Monitor
  • CVE-2025-896119 days apartLibTIFF tiffcrop tiffcrop.c main memory corruption
    7Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-119 · Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (5 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records