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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-71132: smc91x: fix broken irq-context in PREEMPT_RT

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.21% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 1c4cb705e733250d13243f6a69b8b5a92e39b9f6, 36561b86cb2501647662cfaf91286dd6973804a6, 6402078bd9d1ed46e79465e1faaa42e3458f8a33; azl3 kernel 6.6.119.3-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.121.1-1.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 7.5, NVD 5.5.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 1c4cb705e733250d13243f6a69b8b5a92e39b9f6, 36561b86cb2501647662cfaf91286dd6973804a6, 6402078bd9d1ed46e79465e1faaa42e3458f8a33; azl3 kernel 6.6.119.3-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.121.1-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smc91x: fix broken irq-context in PREEMPT_RT When smc91x.c is built with PREEMPT_RT, the following splat occurs in FVP_RevC: [ 13.055000] smc91x LNRO0003:00 eth0: link up, 10Mbps, half-duplex, lpa 0x0000 [ 13.062137] BUG: workqueue leaked atomic, lock or RCU: kworker/2:1[106] [ 13.062137] preempt=0x00000000 lock=0->0 RCU=0->1 workfn=mld_ifc_work [ 13.062266] C ** replaying previous printk message ** [ 13.062266] CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 106 Comm: kworker/2:1 Not tainted 6.18.0-dirty #179 PREEMPT_{RT,(full)} [ 13.062353] Hardware name: , BIOS [ 13.062382] Workqueue: mld mld_ifc_work [ 13.062469] Call trace: [ 13.062494] show_stack+0x24/0x40 (C) [ 13.062602] __dump_stack+0x28/0x48 [ 13.062710] dump_stack_lvl+0x7c/0xb0 [ 13.062818] dump_stack+0x18/0x34 [ 13.062926] process_scheduled_works+0x294/0x450 [ 13.063043] worker_thread+0x260/0x3d8 [ 13.063124] kthread+0x1c4/0x228 [ 13.063235] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 This happens because smc_special_trylock() disables IRQs even on PREEMPT_RT, but smc_special_unlock() does not restore IRQs on PREEMPT_RT. The reason is that smc_special_unlock() calls spin_unlock_irqrestore(), and rcu_read_unlock_bh() in __dev_queue_xmit() cannot invoke rcu_read_unlock() through __local_bh_enable_ip() when current->softirq_disable_cnt becomes zero. To address this issue, replace smc_special_trylock() with spin_trylock_irqsave().

Published
Jan 14, 2026
Updated
Oct 19, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 12th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.5
CNA · Linux
7.5
2.0 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 5.15affected
    • 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc and later · before 1c4cb705e733250d13243f6a69b8b5a92e39b9f6affected · git
    • 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc and later · before 9d222141b00156509d67d80c771fbefa92c43aceaffected · git
    • 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc and later · before ef277ae121b3249c99994652210a326b52d527b0affected · git
    • 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc and later · before 36561b86cb2501647662cfaf91286dd6973804a6affected · git
    • 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc and later · before b6018d5c1a8f09d5efe4d6961d7ee45fdf3a7ce3affected · git
    • 342a93247e0837101f27bbcca26f402902df98dc and later · before 6402078bd9d1ed46e79465e1faaa42e3458f8a33affected · git
    • before 5.15not affected · semver
    • 5.15.198 and later · up to and including 5.15.*not affected · semver
    • 6.1.160 and later · up to and including 6.1.*not affected · semver
Affected versions · NVD (7)

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel5.15.1 and later · before 5.15.198
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.160
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.120
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.64
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.18.4
  • linux linux kernel5.15
  • linux linux kernel6.19

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:8bpftoolbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernelbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-abi-stablelistsbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-corebefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-cross-headersbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debugbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-corebefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-develbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-debug-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-develbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-docbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-headersbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rtbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-corebefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debugbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-corebefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-develbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-debug-modules-extrabefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-develbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8kernel-rt-modulesbefore 4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_104.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10

+65

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe…KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-71130Jan 14, 2026 · drm/i915/gem: Zero-initialize the eb.vma array in i915_gem_do_execbuffer
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-71131Jan 14, 2026 · crypto: seqiv - Do not use req->iv after crypto_aead_encrypt
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-71133Jan 14, 2026 · RDMA/irdma: avoid invalid read in irdma_net_event
    28Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux1c4cb705e733250d13243f6a69b8b5a92e39b9f6Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux36561b86cb2501647662cfaf91286dd6973804a6Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6402078bd9d1ed46e79465e1faaa42e3458f8a33Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux9d222141b00156509d67d80c771fbefa92c43aceVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxb6018d5c1a8f09d5efe4d6961d7ee45fdf3a7ce3Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxef277ae121b3249c99994652210a326b52d527b0Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.119.3-3 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.121.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
almalinux:bpftool4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel4.18.0-553.159.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-rt4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-rt-core4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-rt-debug4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-rt-debug-core4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-rt-debug-devel4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-rt-debug-modules4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-rt-debug-modules-extra4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-rt-devel4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-rt-modules4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-rt-modules-extra4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux6.1.162-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-rt0:4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::nfvPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-rt-core0:4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::nfvPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-rt-debug0:4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::nfvPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-rt-debug-core0:4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::nfvPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-rt-debug-debuginfo0:4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::nfvPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-rt-debug-devel0:4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::nfvPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-rt-debug-kvm0:4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::nfvPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-rt-debug-modules0:4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::nfvPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-rt-debug-modules-extra0:4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::nfvPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-rt-debuginfo0:4.18.0-553.159.1.rt7.500.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::nfvPackage registry (OSV)

+4

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · patch commit or PR link · researcher credit · variant or chain candidate · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-667 · Improper Locking

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

References

Show all references (5 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records