CVE-2025-71127: wifi: mac80211: Discard Beacon frames to non-broadcast address
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.23% (FIRST EPSS).
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- Fixed version: Linux Linux 0a59a3895f804469276d188effa511c72e752f35, 193d18f60588e95d62e0f82b6a53893e5f2f19f8, 6e5bff40bb38741e40c33043ba0816fba5f93661; azl3 kernel 6.6.119.3-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.121.1-1.
Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 0a59a3895f804469276d188effa511c72e752f35, 193d18f60588e95d62e0f82b6a53893e5f2f19f8, 6e5bff40bb38741e40c33043ba0816fba5f93661; azl3 kernel 6.6.119.3-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.121.1-1 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: Discard Beacon frames to non-broadcast address Beacon frames are required to be sent to the broadcast address, see IEEE Std 802.11-2020, 11.1.3.1 ("The Address 1 field of the Beacon .. frame shall be set to the broadcast address"). A unicast Beacon frame might be used as a targeted attack to get one of the associated STAs to do something (e.g., using CSA to move it to another channel). As such, it is better have strict filtering for this on the received side and discard all Beacon frames that are sent to an unexpected address. This is even more important for cases where beacon protection is used. The current implementation in mac80211 is correctly discarding unicast Beacon frames if the Protected Frame bit in the Frame Control field is set to 0. However, if that bit is set to 1, the logic used for checking for configured BIGTK(s) does not actually work. If the driver does not have logic for dropping unicast Beacon frames with Protected Frame bit 1, these frames would be accepted in mac80211 processing as valid Beacon frames even though they are not protected. This would allow beacon protection to be bypassed. While the logic for checking beacon protection could be extended to cover this corner case, a more generic check for discard all Beacon frames based on A1=unicast address covers this without needing additional changes. Address all these issues by dropping received Beacon frames if they are sent to a non-broadcast address.
- Published
- Jan 14, 2026
- Updated
- Oct 19, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.2% · 13th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-20
Report tools
Action score
22
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.2%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- 5.5
- CNA · Linux
- 7.1
- 1.6 point gap
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- linux linux kernel5.7.1 and later · before 5.10.248
- linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.198
- linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.160
- linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.120
- linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.65
- linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.18.4
- linux linux kernel5.7
- linux linux kernel6.19
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Linux Linux
- 5.7affected
- af2d14b01c32d7cba65f73503586e5b621afb139 and later · before be0974be5c42584e027883ac2af7dab5e950098caffected · git
- af2d14b01c32d7cba65f73503586e5b621afb139 and later · before 0a59a3895f804469276d188effa511c72e752f35affected · git
- af2d14b01c32d7cba65f73503586e5b621afb139 and later · before 88aab153d1528bc559292a12fb5105ee97528e1faffected · git
- af2d14b01c32d7cba65f73503586e5b621afb139 and later · before 6e5bff40bb38741e40c33043ba0816fba5f93661affected · git
- af2d14b01c32d7cba65f73503586e5b621afb139 and later · before 7b240a8935d554ad36a52c2c37c32039f9afaef2affected · git
- af2d14b01c32d7cba65f73503586e5b621afb139 and later · before a21704df4024708be698fb3fd5830d5b113b70e0affected · git
- af2d14b01c32d7cba65f73503586e5b621afb139 and later · before 193d18f60588e95d62e0f82b6a53893e5f2f19f8affected · git
- before 5.7not affected · semver
- 5.10.248 and later · up to and including 5.10.*not affected · semver
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| AlmaLinux:8 | bpftool | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-abi-stablelists | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-core | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-cross-headers | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-debug | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-debug-core | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-debug-devel | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-debug-modules | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-debug-modules-extra | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-devel | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-doc | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-headers | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-modules | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-modules-extra | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-rt | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-rt-core | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-rt-debug | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-rt-debug-core | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-rt-debug-devel | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-rt-debug-modules | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-rt-debug-modules-extra | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-rt-devel | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 |
| AlmaLinux:8 | kernel-rt-modules | before 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 | 4.18.0-553.163.1.rt7.504.el8_10 |
+65
Same product
linux: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV90Now
- CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV89Now
- CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV85Now
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2025-71125Jan 14, 2026 · tracing: Do not register unsupported perf events22Monitor
- ← EarlierCVE-2025-71126Jan 14, 2026 · mptcp: avoid deadlock on fallback while reinjecting22Monitor
- Later →CVE-2025-71128Jan 14, 2026 · erspan: Initialize options_len before referencing options.22Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Linux Linux | 0a59a3895f804469276d188effa511c72e752f35 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 193d18f60588e95d62e0f82b6a53893e5f2f19f8 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 6e5bff40bb38741e40c33043ba0816fba5f93661 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 7b240a8935d554ad36a52c2c37c32039f9afaef2 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 88aab153d1528bc559292a12fb5105ee97528e1f | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | a21704df4024708be698fb3fd5830d5b113b70e0 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | be0974be5c42584e027883ac2af7dab5e950098c | Vendor (CNA) |
| azl3 kernel 6.6.119.3-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 | 6.6.121.1-1 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| almalinux:bpftool | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-abi-stablelists | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-core | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-cross-headers | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-debug | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-debug-core | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-debug-devel | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-debug-modules | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-debug-modules-extra | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-devel | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:kernel-doc | 4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · AlmaLinux:8 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:linux | 6.1.162-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bpftool | 0:4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bpftool-debuginfo | 0:4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel | 0:4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-abi-stablelists | 0:4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-core | 0:4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug | 0:4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug-core | 0:4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug-debuginfo | 0:4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:kernel-debug-devel | 0:4.18.0-553.163.1.el8_10 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
+5
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
- CVE-2026-46115134 days apartblock: add pgmap check to biovec_phys_mergeable39Monitor
- CVE-2026-53221162 days apartip6_vti: fix incorrect tunnel matching in vti6_tnl_lookup()39Monitor
- CVE-2026-64037186 days apartwifi: iwlwifi: mld: fix TSO segmentation explosion when AMSDU is disabled39Monitor
- CVE-2026-64046186 days apartnet: tls: prevent chain-after-chain in plain text SG39Monitor
- CVE-2026-43114112 days apartnetfilter: nft_set_pipapo_avx2: don't return non-matching entry on expiry37Monitor
- CVE-2026-46266140 days apartinet: RAW sockets using IPPROTO_RAW MUST drop incoming ICMP36Monitor
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- none
- Integrity
- none
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- None
- Integrity impact
- None
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-20 · Improper Input ValidationCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- Buffer Overflow via Environment VariablesCAPEC-10likelihood: High · High
- Server Side Include (SSI) InjectionCAPEC-101likelihood: High · High
- Cross Zone ScriptingCAPEC-104likelihood: Medium · High
- Command Line Execution through SQL InjectionCAPEC-108likelihood: Low · Very High
- Object Relational Mapping InjectionCAPEC-109likelihood: Low · High
- SQL Injection through SOAP Parameter TamperingCAPEC-110likelihood: High · Very High
- Double EncodingCAPEC-120likelihood: Low · Medium
- Subverting Environment Variable ValuesCAPEC-13likelihood: High · Very High
ATT&CK techniques
- Obfuscated Files or InformationT1027
- Masquerading: Invalid Code SignatureT1036.001
- Steal Web Session CookieT1539
- Subvert Trust Controls: Code SigningT1553.002
- Impair Defenses:Impair Command History LoggingT1562.003
- Hijack Execution Flow:Dynamic Linker HijackingT1574.006
- Hijack Execution Flow:Path Interception by PATH Environment VariableT1574.007
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
Show all references (6 more)Show less
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/193d18f60588e95d62e0f82b6a53893e5f2f19f8
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e5bff40bb38741e40c33043ba0816fba5f93661
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/7b240a8935d554ad36a52c2c37c32039f9afaef2
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/88aab153d1528bc559292a12fb5105ee97528e1f
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/a21704df4024708be698fb3fd5830d5b113b70e0
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/be0974be5c42584e027883ac2af7dab5e950098c
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.