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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-40281: sctp: prevent possible shift-out-of-bounds in sctp_transport_update_rto

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 0/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.21% (FIRST EPSS).
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 0e0413e3315199b23ff4aec295e256034cd0a6e4, 1534ff77757e44bcc4b98d0196bc5c0052fce5fa, 1cfa4eac275cc4875755c1303d48a4ddfe507ca8.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 0e0413e3315199b23ff4aec295e256034cd0a6e4, 1534ff77757e44bcc4b98d0196bc5c0052fce5fa, 1cfa4eac275cc4875755c1303d48a4ddfe507ca8 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sctp: prevent possible shift-out-of-bounds in sctp_transport_update_rto syzbot reported a possible shift-out-of-bounds [1] Blamed commit added rto_alpha_max and rto_beta_max set to 1000. It is unclear if some sctp users are setting very large rto_alpha and/or rto_beta. In order to prevent user regression, perform the test at run time. Also add READ_ONCE() annotations as sysctl values can change under us. [1] UBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in net/sctp/transport.c:509:41 shift exponent 64 is too large for 32-bit type 'unsigned int' CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 16704 Comm: syz.2.2320 Not tainted syzkaller #0 PREEMPT(full) Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 10/02/2025 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0x16c/0x1f0 lib/dump_stack.c:120 ubsan_epilogue lib/ubsan.c:233 [inline] __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds+0x27f/0x420 lib/ubsan.c:494 sctp_transport_update_rto.cold+0x1c/0x34b net/sctp/transport.c:509 sctp_check_transmitted+0x11c4/0x1c30 net/sctp/outqueue.c:1502 sctp_outq_sack+0x4ef/0x1b20 net/sctp/outqueue.c:1338 sctp_cmd_process_sack net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c:840 [inline] sctp_cmd_interpreter net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c:1372 [inline]

—No exploit Fix available
Published
Dec 6, 2025
Updated
Oct 15, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 12th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

0

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
0 / 40 · —
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 3.16affected
    • b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b and later · before 0e0413e3315199b23ff4aec295e256034cd0a6e4affected · git
    • b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b and later · before 834e65be429c0fa4f9bb5945064bd57f18ed2187affected · git
    • b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b and later · before abb086b9a95d0ed3b757ee59964ba3c4e4b2fc1aaffected · git
    • b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b and later · before d0d858652834dcf531342c82a0428170aa7c2675affected · git
    • b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b and later · before ed71f801249d2350c77a73dca2c03918a15a62feaffected · git
    • b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b and later · before 1cfa4eac275cc4875755c1303d48a4ddfe507ca8affected · git
    • b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b and later · before aaba523dd7b6106526c24b1fd9b5fc35e5aaa88daffected · git
    • b58537a1f5629bdc98a8b9dc2051ce0e952f6b4b and later · before 1534ff77757e44bcc4b98d0196bc5c0052fce5faaffected · git
    • before 3.16not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.159-16.1.159-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.63-16.12.63-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.17.9-16.17.9-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-74705udp: fix potential use-after-free in tunnel segmentation
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74612veth: fix skb length accounting after XDP frag adjustment
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74475vxlan: use neigh_ha_snapshot() in route_shortcircuit()
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-40278Dec 6, 2025 · net: sched: act_ife: initialize struct tc_ife to fix KMSAN kernel-infoleak
    0Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-40279Dec 6, 2025 · net: sched: act_connmark: initialize struct tc_ife to fix kernel leak
    0Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-40282Dec 6, 2025 · Bluetooth: 6lowpan: reset link-local header on ipv6 recv path
    35Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux0e0413e3315199b23ff4aec295e256034cd0a6e4Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux1534ff77757e44bcc4b98d0196bc5c0052fce5faVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux1cfa4eac275cc4875755c1303d48a4ddfe507ca8Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux834e65be429c0fa4f9bb5945064bd57f18ed2187Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxaaba523dd7b6106526c24b1fd9b5fc35e5aaa88dVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxabb086b9a95d0ed3b757ee59964ba3c4e4b2fc1aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxd0d858652834dcf531342c82a0428170aa7c2675Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxed71f801249d2350c77a73dca2c03918a15a62feVendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.159-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

No CVSS vector for this record, so attack conditions can't be derived.

Weakness class (CWE)

—

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

Show all references (8 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records