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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-40210: Revert "NFSD: Remove the cap on number of operations per NFSv4 COMPOUND"

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 30/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.35% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 3e7f011c255582d7c914133785bbba1990441713, b3ee7ce432289deac87b9d14e01f2fe6958f7f0b.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 3e7f011c255582d7c914133785bbba1990441713, b3ee7ce432289deac87b9d14e01f2fe6958f7f0b or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Revert "NFSD: Remove the cap on number of operations per NFSv4 COMPOUND" I've found that pynfs COMP6 now leaves the connection or lease in a strange state, which causes CLOSE9 to hang indefinitely. I've dug into it a little, but I haven't been able to root-cause it yet. However, I bisected to commit 48aab1606fa8 ("NFSD: Remove the cap on number of operations per NFSv4 COMPOUND"). Tianshuo Han also reports a potential vulnerability when decoding an NFSv4 COMPOUND. An attacker can place an arbitrarily large op count in the COMPOUND header, which results in: [ 51.410584] nfsd: vmalloc error: size 1209533382144, exceeds total pages, mode:0xdc0(GFP_KERNEL|__GFP_ZERO), nodemask=(null),cpuset=/,mems_allowed=0 when NFSD attempts to allocate the COMPOUND op array. Let's restore the operation-per-COMPOUND limit, but increased to 200 for now.

HighCVSS 7.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Nov 21, 2025
Updated
Oct 19, 2026
EPSS
0.3% · 29th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

30

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.3%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · Linux
7.5
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 6.17affected
    • 48aab1606fa80027143a445224f552b4eeea845b and later · before b3ee7ce432289deac87b9d14e01f2fe6958f7f0baffected · git
    • 48aab1606fa80027143a445224f552b4eeea845b and later · before 3e7f011c255582d7c914133785bbba1990441713affected · git
    • before 6.17not affected · semver
    • 6.17.8 and later · up to and including 6.17.*not affected · semver
    • 6.18 and laternot affected · original_commit_for_fix

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.17.8-16.17.8-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-74705udp: fix potential use-after-free in tunnel segmentation
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74612veth: fix skb length accounting after XDP frag adjustment
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74475vxlan: use neigh_ha_snapshot() in route_shortcircuit()
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-40208Nov 12, 2025 · media: iris: fix module removal if firmware download failed
    0Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-40209Nov 21, 2025 · btrfs: fix memory leak of qgroup_list in btrfs_add_qgroup_relation
    0Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-40211Nov 21, 2025 · ACPI: video: Fix use-after-free in acpi_video_switch_brightness()
    0Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux3e7f011c255582d7c914133785bbba1990441713Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxb3ee7ce432289deac87b9d14e01f2fe6958f7f0bVendor (CNA)
almalinux:kernel6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-core6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-core6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-devel6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-devel-matched6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-modules6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-modules-core6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-debug-modules-extra6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-devel6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:kernel-64k-devel-matched6.12.0-211.7.1.el10_2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux6.17.8-1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records