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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-40199: page_pool: Fix PP_MAGIC_MASK to avoid crashing on some 32-bit arches

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.15% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 15b8a5b4cdc16e9a8bb2a548e12a0fd92997605a, 6.12.54, 6.16.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 15b8a5b4cdc16e9a8bb2a548e12a0fd92997605a, 6.12.54, 6.16 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: page_pool: Fix PP_MAGIC_MASK to avoid crashing on some 32-bit arches Helge reported that the introduction of PP_MAGIC_MASK let to crashes on boot on his 32-bit parisc machine. The cause of this is the mask is set too wide, so the page_pool_page_is_pp() incurs false positives which crashes the machine. Just disabling the check in page_pool_is_pp() will lead to the page_pool code itself malfunctioning; so instead of doing this, this patch changes the define for PP_DMA_INDEX_BITS to avoid mistaking arbitrary kernel pointers for page_pool-tagged pages. The fix relies on the kernel pointers that alias with the pp_magic field always being above PAGE_OFFSET. With this assumption, we can use the lowest bit of the value of PAGE_OFFSET as the upper bound of the PP_DMA_INDEX_MASK, which should avoid the false positives. Because we cannot rely on PAGE_OFFSET always being a compile-time constant, nor on it always being >0, we fall back to disabling the dma_index storage when there are not enough bits available. This leaves us in the situation we were in before the patch in the Fixes tag, but only on a subset of architecture configurations. This seems to be the best we can do until the transition to page types in complete for page_pool pages. v2: - Make sure there's at least 8 bits available and that the PAGE_OFFSET bit calculation doesn't wrap

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Nov 12, 2025
Updated
Oct 19, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 4th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · Linux
7.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • c30ae60f41f9edd6e1b5cad41cf28ce04dae39e4, 6.16affected
    • 4f51fb0d257ff4d406ec27966902de075e3b118e and later · before 15b8a5b4cdc16e9a8bb2a548e12a0fd92997605aaffected · git
    • ee62ce7a1d909ccba0399680a03c2dee83bcae95 and later · before f62934cea32c8f7b11b747975d69bf5afe4264cfaffected · git
    • ee62ce7a1d909ccba0399680a03c2dee83bcae95 and later · before 95920c2ed02bde551ab654e9749c2ca7bc3100e0affected · git
    • 6.12.34 and later · before 6.12.54affected · semver
    • 6.15.3 and later · before 6.16affected · semver
    • before 6.16not affected · semver
    • 6.12.54 and later · up to and including 6.12.*not affected · semver
    • 6.17.4 and later · up to and including 6.17.*not affected · semver
    • 6.18 and laternot affected · original_commit_for_fix

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.57-16.12.57-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.17.6-16.17.6-1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0dtb-aarch64before 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-64kbbefore 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-azurebefore 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-defaultbefore 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-default-basebefore 6.12.0-160000.37.1.160000.2.196.12.0-160000.37.1.160000.2.19
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-docsbefore 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-kvmsmallbefore 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-obs-buildbefore 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-obs-qabefore 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-rtbefore 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-sourcebefore 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-symsbefore 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
openSUSE:Leap 16.0kernel-zfcpdumpbefore 6.12.0-160000.37.16.12.0-160000.37.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_21before 1-150700.15.3.11-150700.15.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_20before 1-150700.1.3.11-150700.1.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-64kbbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.81.16.4.0-150700.53.81.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-defaultbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.81.16.4.0-150700.53.81.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-default-basebefore 6.4.0-150700.53.81.1.150700.17.45.16.4.0-150700.53.81.1.150700.17.45.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-sourcebefore 6.4.0-150700.53.81.16.4.0-150700.53.81.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-zfcpdumpbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.81.16.4.0-150700.53.81.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7kernel-docsbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.81.16.4.0-150700.53.81.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7kernel-obs-buildbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.81.16.4.0-150700.53.81.1

+17

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-74705udp: fix potential use-after-free in tunnel segmentation
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74612veth: fix skb length accounting after XDP frag adjustment
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74475vxlan: use neigh_ha_snapshot() in route_shortcircuit()
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-40197Nov 12, 2025 · media: mc: Clear minor number before put device
    0Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-40198Nov 12, 2025 · ext4: avoid potential buffer over-read in parse_apply_sb_mount_options()
    31Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-40200Nov 12, 2025 · Squashfs: reject negative file sizes in squashfs_read_inode()
    0Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux15b8a5b4cdc16e9a8bb2a548e12a0fd92997605aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.12.54Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.16Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux95920c2ed02bde551ab654e9749c2ca7bc3100e0Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxf62934cea32c8f7b11b747975d69bf5afe4264cfVendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.12.57-1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:dtb-aarch646.12.0-160000.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-64kb6.12.0-160000.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-azure6.12.0-160000.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-default6.12.0-160000.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-default-base6.12.0-160000.37.1.160000.2.19 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-docs6.12.0-160000.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall6.12.0-160000.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-obs-build6.12.0-160000.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-obs-qa6.12.0-160000.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-rt6.12.0-160000.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-source6.12.0-160000.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-syms6.12.0-160000.37.1 · openSUSE:Leap 16.0Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-64kb6.12.0-160000.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-azure6.12.0-160000.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default6.12.0-160000.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default-base6.12.0-160000.37.1.160000.2.19 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-docs6.12.0-160000.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-kvmsmall6.12.0-160000.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-obs-build6.12.0-160000.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro Extras 6.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-obs-qa6.12.0-160000.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-rt6.12.0-160000.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source6.12.0-160000.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro 6.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-syms6.12.0-160000.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Micro Extras 6.2Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-zfcpdump6.12.0-160000.37.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 16.0Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records