Skip to content
Noroxi
NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-39853: i40e: Fix potential invalid access when MAC list is empty

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.16% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 1eadabcf5623f1237a539b16586b4ed8ac8dffcd, 3c6fb929afa313d9d11f780451d113f73922fe5d, 66e7cdbda74ee823ec2bf7b830ebd235c54f5ddf; azl3 kernel 6.6.104.2-4 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.112.1-1; cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0 5.15.200.1-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 1eadabcf5623f1237a539b16586b4ed8ac8dffcd, 3c6fb929afa313d9d11f780451d113f73922fe5d, 66e7cdbda74ee823ec2bf7b830ebd235c54f5ddf; azl3 kernel 6.6.104.2-4 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.112.1-1; cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0 5.15.200.1-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: i40e: Fix potential invalid access when MAC list is empty list_first_entry() never returns NULL - if the list is empty, it still returns a pointer to an invalid object, leading to potential invalid memory access when dereferenced. Fix this by using list_first_entry_or_null instead of list_first_entry.

HighCVSS 7.1 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Sep 19, 2025
Updated
Oct 19, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 6th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

28

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
28 / 40 · 7.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-39853

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits instantly.

Your free account also gets you

Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

  • Stack alerts: add the products and versions you run, get the new CVEs that affect them
  • Uptime monitoring: 1 site, instant email when it goes down
  • Add your domain: subdomains and takeover risk scanned every week (1 domain)
  • 10 scans an hour on the security tools (3 a day without an account), an API key and MCP
  • All your scans in one panel: findings, what changed in the last scan, a report per domain or per client (PDF, share link)
All free tools

Sign up with email · Have an account? Sign in

Free account, no card. Unfollow any time.

Don't want an account? Get "Exploited this week" by email every MondayDon't want an account? RSS feed for linux records

Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

Is your version affected? Check it

Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

We use this product, ask for help

Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux11.0
  • linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.243
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.192
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.151
  • linux linux kernel4.6 and later · before 5.4.299
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.46
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.16.6
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.105
  • linux linux kernel6.17

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 4.6affected
    • e3219ce6a775468368fb270fae3eb82a6787b436 and later · before 971feafe157afac443027acdc235badc6838560baffected · git
    • e3219ce6a775468368fb270fae3eb82a6787b436 and later · before 3c6fb929afa313d9d11f780451d113f73922fe5daffected · git
    • e3219ce6a775468368fb270fae3eb82a6787b436 and later · before 1eadabcf5623f1237a539b16586b4ed8ac8dffcdaffected · git
    • e3219ce6a775468368fb270fae3eb82a6787b436 and later · before e2a5e74879f9b494bbd66fa93f355feacde450c7affected · git
    • e3219ce6a775468368fb270fae3eb82a6787b436 and later · before fb216d980fae6561c7c70af8ef826faf059c6515affected · git
    • e3219ce6a775468368fb270fae3eb82a6787b436 and later · before 66e7cdbda74ee823ec2bf7b830ebd235c54f5ddfaffected · git
    • e3219ce6a775468368fb270fae3eb82a6787b436 and later · before 9c21fc4cebd44dd21016c61261a683af390343f8affected · git
    • e3219ce6a775468368fb270fae3eb82a6787b436 and later · before a556f06338e1d5a85af0e32ecb46e365547f92b9affected · git
    • before 4.6not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.153-16.1.153-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.48-16.12.48-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.16.6-16.16.6-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-39851Sep 19, 2025 · vxlan: Fix NPD when refreshing an FDB entry with a nexthop object
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-39852Sep 19, 2025 · net/tcp: Fix socket memory leak in TCP-AO failure handling for IPv6
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-39854Sep 19, 2025 · ice: fix NULL access of tx->in_use in ice_ll_ts_intr
    31Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux1eadabcf5623f1237a539b16586b4ed8ac8dffcdVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux3c6fb929afa313d9d11f780451d113f73922fe5dVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux66e7cdbda74ee823ec2bf7b830ebd235c54f5ddfVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux971feafe157afac443027acdc235badc6838560bVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux9c21fc4cebd44dd21016c61261a683af390343f8Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxa556f06338e1d5a85af0e32ecb46e365547f92b9Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxe2a5e74879f9b494bbd66fa93f355feacde450c7Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxfb216d980fae6561c7c70af8ef826faf059c6515Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.104.2-4 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.112.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.05.15.200.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.153-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds Read

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (11 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records