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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-39754: mm/smaps: fix race between smaps_hugetlb_range and migration

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 18/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.13% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 09fc018f48871123ad5dbd7b03c956580232ed76, 2a1f3663974162b8f1e098196f557cfc1d160138, 45d19b4b6c2d422771c29b83462d84afcbb33f01; azl3 kernel 6.6.152.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 Release Notes; azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 Release Notes.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 09fc018f48871123ad5dbd7b03c956580232ed76, 2a1f3663974162b8f1e098196f557cfc1d160138, 45d19b4b6c2d422771c29b83462d84afcbb33f01; azl3 kernel 6.6.152.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 Release Notes; azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 Release Notes or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/smaps: fix race between smaps_hugetlb_range and migration smaps_hugetlb_range() handles the pte without holdling ptl, and may be concurrenct with migration, leaing to BUG_ON in pfn_swap_entry_to_page(). The race is as follows. smaps_hugetlb_range migrate_pages huge_ptep_get remove_migration_ptes folio_unlock pfn_swap_entry_folio BUG_ON To fix it, hold ptl lock in smaps_hugetlb_range().

MediumCVSS 4.7 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Sep 11, 2025
Updated
Oct 21, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 3th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

18

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
18 / 40 · 4.7 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-39754

When you'll hear from us

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel4.4 and later · before 6.12.43
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.15.11
  • linux linux kernel6.16 and later · before 6.16.2
  • linux linux kernel6.17

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 4.4affected
    • 25ee01a2fca02dfb5a3ce316e77910c468108199 and later · before f76089018b34dbe0c2e9b67c5b7d8860668748bbaffected · git
    • 25ee01a2fca02dfb5a3ce316e77910c468108199 and later · before 2a1f3663974162b8f1e098196f557cfc1d160138affected · git
    • 25ee01a2fca02dfb5a3ce316e77910c468108199 and later · before 09fc018f48871123ad5dbd7b03c956580232ed76affected · git
    • 25ee01a2fca02dfb5a3ce316e77910c468108199 and later · before b625883ccbcc2b57808db51d1375b1d7b9bcb3e5affected · git
    • 25ee01a2fca02dfb5a3ce316e77910c468108199 and later · before 45d19b4b6c2d422771c29b83462d84afcbb33f01affected · git
    • before 4.4not affected · semver
    • 6.6.160 and later · up to and including 6.6.*not affected · semver
    • 6.12.43 and later · up to and including 6.12.*not affected · semver
    • 6.15.11 and later · up to and including 6.15.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxfrom 0—
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.43-16.12.43-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.16.3-16.16.3-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-39752Sep 11, 2025 · ARM: rockchip: fix kernel hang during smp initialization
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-39753Sep 11, 2025 · gfs2: Set .migrate_folio in gfs2_{rgrp,meta}_aops
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-39756Sep 11, 2025 · fs: Prevent file descriptor table allocations exceeding INT_MAX
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux09fc018f48871123ad5dbd7b03c956580232ed76Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux2a1f3663974162b8f1e098196f557cfc1d160138Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux45d19b4b6c2d422771c29b83462d84afcbb33f01Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxb625883ccbcc2b57808db51d1375b1d7b9bcb3e5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxf76089018b34dbe0c2e9b67c5b7d8860668748bbVendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.152.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0Release NotesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 kernel 6.6.157.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0Release NotesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 kernel 5.15.202.1-1 on CBL-Mariner 2.0Release NotesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.12.43-1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-362 · Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (4 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records