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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-38736: net: usb: asix_devices: Fix PHY address mask in MDIO bus initialization

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.18% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 22042ffedd8c2c6db08ccdd6d4273068eddd3c5c, 24ef2f53c07f273bad99173e27ee88d44d135b1c, 523eab02fce458fa6d3c51de5bb055800986953e; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-3.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 22042ffedd8c2c6db08ccdd6d4273068eddd3c5c, 24ef2f53c07f273bad99173e27ee88d44d135b1c, 523eab02fce458fa6d3c51de5bb055800986953e; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-3 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: usb: asix_devices: Fix PHY address mask in MDIO bus initialization Syzbot reported shift-out-of-bounds exception on MDIO bus initialization. The PHY address should be masked to 5 bits (0-31). Without this mask, invalid PHY addresses could be used, potentially causing issues with MDIO bus operations. Fix this by masking the PHY address with 0x1f (31 decimal) to ensure it stays within the valid range.

HighCVSS 7.1 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Sep 5, 2025
Updated
Oct 19, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 7th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

28

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
28 / 40 · 7.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux11.0
  • linux linux kernel6.15.11 and later · before 6.16
  • linux linux kernel6.16.2 and later · before 6.16.4
  • linux linux kernel6.12.43
  • linux linux kernel6.17

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • a754ab53993b1585132e871c5d811167ad3c52ffaffected
    • 75947d3200de98a9ded9ad8972e02f1a177097fe and later · before fcb4ce9f729c1d08e53abf9d449340e24c3edee6affected · git
    • 59ed6fbdb1bc03316e09493ffde7066f031c7524 and later · before 8f141f2a4f2ef8ca865d5921574c3d6535e00a49affected · git
    • ccef5ee4adf56472aa26bdd1f821a6d0cd06089a and later · before 748da80831221ae24b4bc8d7ffb22acd5712a341affected · git
    • ee2cd40b0bb46056949a2319084a729d95389386 and later · before 22042ffedd8c2c6db08ccdd6d4273068eddd3c5caffected · git
    • ad1f8313aeec0115f9978bd2d002ef4a8d96c773 and later · before 523eab02fce458fa6d3c51de5bb055800986953eaffected · git
    • 4faff70959d51078f9ee8372f8cff0d7045e4114 and later · before 24ef2f53c07f273bad99173e27ee88d44d135b1caffected · git
    • 6.15.11 and later · before 6.16affected · semver
    • 6.12.43 and later · before 6.12.44affected · semver
    • 6.16.2 and later · before 6.16.4affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.153-16.1.153-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.48-16.12.48-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.16.5-16.16.5-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38734Sep 5, 2025 · net/smc: fix UAF on smcsk after smc_listen_out()
    31Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38735Sep 5, 2025 · gve: prevent ethtool ops after shutdown
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-38737Sep 5, 2025 · cifs: Fix oops due to uninitialised variable
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux22042ffedd8c2c6db08ccdd6d4273068eddd3c5cVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux24ef2f53c07f273bad99173e27ee88d44d135b1cVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux523eab02fce458fa6d3c51de5bb055800986953eVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.12.44Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.16Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.16.4Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux748da80831221ae24b4bc8d7ffb22acd5712a341Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux8f141f2a4f2ef8ca865d5921574c3d6535e00a49Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxfcb4ce9f729c1d08e53abf9d449340e24c3edee6Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.104.2-3 · Release NotesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.153-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds Read

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (9 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records