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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-38725: net: usb: asix_devices: add phy_mask for ax88772 mdio bus

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.16% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 4faff70959d51078f9ee8372f8cff0d7045e4114, 59ed6fbdb1bc03316e09493ffde7066f031c7524, 75947d3200de98a9ded9ad8972e02f1a177097fe; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-1; cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0 5.15.200.1-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 4faff70959d51078f9ee8372f8cff0d7045e4114, 59ed6fbdb1bc03316e09493ffde7066f031c7524, 75947d3200de98a9ded9ad8972e02f1a177097fe; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-1; cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0 5.15.200.1-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: usb: asix_devices: add phy_mask for ax88772 mdio bus Without setting phy_mask for ax88772 mdio bus, current driver may create at most 32 mdio phy devices with phy address range from 0x00 ~ 0x1f. DLink DUB-E100 H/W Ver B1 is such a device. However, only one main phy device will bind to net phy driver. This is creating issue during system suspend/resume since phy_polling_mode() in phy_state_machine() will directly deference member of phydev->drv for non-main phy devices. Then NULL pointer dereference issue will occur. Due to only external phy or internal phy is necessary, add phy_mask for ax88772 mdio bus to workarnoud the issue.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Sep 4, 2025
Updated
Nov 5, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 5th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-38725

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux11.0
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.149
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.103
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.43
  • linux linux kernel5.14 and later · before 5.15.190
  • linux linux kernel6.16 and later · before 6.16.2
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.15.11
  • linux linux kernel6.17

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 5.14affected
    • e532a096be0e5e570b383e71d4560e7f04384e0f and later · before 75947d3200de98a9ded9ad8972e02f1a177097feaffected · git
    • e532a096be0e5e570b383e71d4560e7f04384e0f and later · before 59ed6fbdb1bc03316e09493ffde7066f031c7524affected · git
    • e532a096be0e5e570b383e71d4560e7f04384e0f and later · before ccef5ee4adf56472aa26bdd1f821a6d0cd06089aaffected · git
    • e532a096be0e5e570b383e71d4560e7f04384e0f and later · before ee2cd40b0bb46056949a2319084a729d95389386affected · git
    • e532a096be0e5e570b383e71d4560e7f04384e0f and later · before a754ab53993b1585132e871c5d811167ad3c52ffaffected · git
    • e532a096be0e5e570b383e71d4560e7f04384e0f and later · before ad1f8313aeec0115f9978bd2d002ef4a8d96c773affected · git
    • e532a096be0e5e570b383e71d4560e7f04384e0f and later · before 4faff70959d51078f9ee8372f8cff0d7045e4114affected · git
    • before 5.14not affected · semver
    • 5.15.190 and later · up to and including 5.15.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.153-16.1.153-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.43-16.12.43-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.16.3-16.16.3-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38723Sep 4, 2025 · LoongArch: BPF: Fix jump offset calculation in tailcall
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38724Sep 4, 2025 · nfsd: handle get_client_locked() failure in nfsd4_setclientid_confirm()
    31Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-38726Sep 4, 2025 · net: ftgmac100: fix potential NULL pointer access in ftgmac100_phy_disconnect
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux4faff70959d51078f9ee8372f8cff0d7045e4114Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux59ed6fbdb1bc03316e09493ffde7066f031c7524Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux75947d3200de98a9ded9ad8972e02f1a177097feVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxa754ab53993b1585132e871c5d811167ad3c52ffVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxad1f8313aeec0115f9978bd2d002ef4a8d96c773Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxccef5ee4adf56472aa26bdd1f821a6d0cd06089aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxee2cd40b0bb46056949a2319084a729d95389386Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.104.2-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.05.15.200.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.153-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (10 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records