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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-38685: fbdev: Fix vmalloc out-of-bounds write in fast_imageblit

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.17% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 078e62bffca4b7e72e8f3550eb063ab981c36c7a, 27b118aebdd84161c8ff5ce49d9d536f2af10754, 4c4d7ddaf1d43780b106bedc692679f965dc5a3a; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-1; cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0 5.15.200.1-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 078e62bffca4b7e72e8f3550eb063ab981c36c7a, 27b118aebdd84161c8ff5ce49d9d536f2af10754, 4c4d7ddaf1d43780b106bedc692679f965dc5a3a; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-1; cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0 5.15.200.1-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fbdev: Fix vmalloc out-of-bounds write in fast_imageblit This issue triggers when a userspace program does an ioctl FBIOPUT_CON2FBMAP by passing console number and frame buffer number. Ideally this maps console to frame buffer and updates the screen if console is visible. As part of mapping it has to do resize of console according to frame buffer info. if this resize fails and returns from vc_do_resize() and continues further. At this point console and new frame buffer are mapped and sets display vars. Despite failure still it continue to proceed updating the screen at later stages where vc_data is related to previous frame buffer and frame buffer info and display vars are mapped to new frame buffer and eventully leading to out-of-bounds write in fast_imageblit(). This bheviour is excepted only when fg_console is equal to requested console which is a visible console and updates screen with invalid struct references in fbcon_putcs().

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Sep 4, 2025
Updated
Oct 19, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 7th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
7.8
CNA · Linux
7.8
agree

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
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  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux11.0
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.149
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.103
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.43
  • linux linux kernel2.6.13 and later · before 5.15.190
  • linux linux kernel6.16 and later · before 6.16.2
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.15.11
  • linux linux kernel2.6.12

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 2.6.12affected
    • 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 and later · before 078e62bffca4b7e72e8f3550eb063ab981c36c7aaffected · git
    • 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 and later · before 4c4d7ddaf1d43780b106bedc692679f965dc5a3aaffected · git
    • 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 and later · before 27b118aebdd84161c8ff5ce49d9d536f2af10754affected · git
    • 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 and later · before ed9b8e5016230868c8d813d9179523f729fec8c6affected · git
    • 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 and later · before 56701bf9eeb63219e378cb7fcbd066ea4eaeeb50affected · git
    • 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 and later · before cfec17721265e72e50cc69c6004fe3475cd38df2affected · git
    • 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 and later · before af0db3c1f898144846d4c172531a199bb3ca375daffected · git
    • before 2.6.12not affected · semver
    • 5.15.190 and later · up to and including 5.15.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.153-16.1.153-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.43-16.12.43-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.16.3-16.16.3-1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREkernel-defaultbefore 3.0.101-108.192.13.0.101-108.192.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREkernel-docsbefore 3.0.101-108.192.13.0.101-108.192.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREkernel-ec2before 3.0.101-108.192.13.0.101-108.192.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREkernel-sourcebefore 3.0.101-108.192.13.0.101-108.192.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREkernel-symsbefore 3.0.101-108.192.13.0.101-108.192.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREkernel-tracebefore 3.0.101-108.192.13.0.101-108.192.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREkernel-xenbefore 3.0.101-108.192.13.0.101-108.192.1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38683Sep 4, 2025 · hv_netvsc: Fix panic during namespace deletion with VF
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38684Sep 4, 2025 · net/sched: ets: use old 'nbands' while purging unused classes
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-38686Sep 4, 2025 · userfaultfd: fix a crash in UFFDIO_MOVE when PMD is a migration entry
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux078e62bffca4b7e72e8f3550eb063ab981c36c7aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux27b118aebdd84161c8ff5ce49d9d536f2af10754Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux4c4d7ddaf1d43780b106bedc692679f965dc5a3aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux56701bf9eeb63219e378cb7fcbd066ea4eaeeb50Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxaf0db3c1f898144846d4c172531a199bb3ca375dVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxcfec17721265e72e50cc69c6004fe3475cd38df2Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxed9b8e5016230868c8d813d9179523f729fec8c6Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.104.2-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 kernel 5.15.186.1-1 on CBL Mariner 2.05.15.200.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.153-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default3.0.101-108.192.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-docs3.0.101-108.192.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-ec23.0.101-108.192.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source3.0.101-108.192.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-syms3.0.101-108.192.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-trace3.0.101-108.192.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-xen3.0.101-108.192.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME COREPackage registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-787 · Out-of-bounds Write

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (9 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records