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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-38644: wifi: mac80211: reject TDLS operations when station is not associated

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.16% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 0c84204cf0bbe89e454a5caccc6a908bc7db1542, 16ecdab5446f15a61ec88eb0d23d25d009821db0, 31af06b574394530f68a4310c45ecbe2f68853c4; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-1; cbl2 kernel 5.15.202.1-1 on CBL-Mariner 2.0 Release Notes.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 0c84204cf0bbe89e454a5caccc6a908bc7db1542, 16ecdab5446f15a61ec88eb0d23d25d009821db0, 31af06b574394530f68a4310c45ecbe2f68853c4; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-1; cbl2 kernel 5.15.202.1-1 on CBL-Mariner 2.0 Release Notes or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: reject TDLS operations when station is not associated syzbot triggered a WARN in ieee80211_tdls_oper() by sending NL80211_TDLS_ENABLE_LINK immediately after NL80211_CMD_CONNECT, before association completed and without prior TDLS setup. This left internal state like sdata->u.mgd.tdls_peer uninitialized, leading to a WARN_ON() in code paths that assumed it was valid. Reject the operation early if not in station mode or not associated.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Aug 22, 2025
Updated
Nov 5, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 6th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux11.0
  • linux linux kernel3.17 and later · before 6.1.148
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.102
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.42
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.15.10
  • linux linux kernel6.16 and later · before 6.16.1

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 3.17affected
    • 81dd2b8822410e56048b927be779d95a2b6dc186 and later · before 0c84204cf0bbe89e454a5caccc6a908bc7db1542affected · git
    • 81dd2b8822410e56048b927be779d95a2b6dc186 and later · before 378ae9ccaea3f445838a087962a067b5cb2e8577affected · git
    • 81dd2b8822410e56048b927be779d95a2b6dc186 and later · before af72badd5ee423eb16f6ad7fe0a62f1b4252d848affected · git
    • 81dd2b8822410e56048b927be779d95a2b6dc186 and later · before 4df663d4c1ca386dcab2f743dfc9f0cc07aef73caffected · git
    • 81dd2b8822410e56048b927be779d95a2b6dc186 and later · before 31af06b574394530f68a4310c45ecbe2f68853c4affected · git
    • 81dd2b8822410e56048b927be779d95a2b6dc186 and later · before 16ecdab5446f15a61ec88eb0d23d25d009821db0affected · git
    • before 3.17not affected · semver
    • 6.1.148 and later · up to and including 6.1.*not affected · semver
    • 6.6.102 and later · up to and including 6.6.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.148-16.1.148-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.43-16.12.43-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.16.3-16.16.3-1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-64kbbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.176.15.14.21-150400.24.176.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-docsbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.176.15.14.21-150400.24.176.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-obs-buildbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.176.15.14.21-150400.24.176.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-sourcebefore 5.14.21-150400.24.176.15.14.21-150400.24.176.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSkernel-symsbefore 5.14.21-150400.24.176.15.14.21-150400.24.176.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_60before 18-2.118-2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_61before 17-2.117-2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_62before 17-2.117-2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_70before 6-2.16-2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_71before 3-2.13-2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_48before 19-150300.2.119-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_49before 18-150300.2.118-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_51before 14-150300.2.114-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_56before 8-150300.2.18-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_59before 7-150300.2.17-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_60before 4-150300.2.14-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_31before 17-150400.2.117-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_32before 17-150400.2.117-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_33before 16-150400.2.116-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_34before 15-150400.2.115-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_35before 14-150400.2.114-150400.2.1

+45

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38642Aug 22, 2025 · wifi: mac80211: fix WARN_ON for monitor mode on some devices
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38643Aug 22, 2025 · wifi: cfg80211: Add missing lock in cfg80211_check_and_end_cac()
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-38645Aug 22, 2025 · net/mlx5: Check device memory pointer before usage
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux0c84204cf0bbe89e454a5caccc6a908bc7db1542Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux16ecdab5446f15a61ec88eb0d23d25d009821db0Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux31af06b574394530f68a4310c45ecbe2f68853c4Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux378ae9ccaea3f445838a087962a067b5cb2e8577Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux4df663d4c1ca386dcab2f743dfc9f0cc07aef73cVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxaf72badd5ee423eb16f6ad7fe0a62f1b4252d848Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.104.2-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 kernel 5.15.202.1-1 on CBL-Mariner 2.0Release NotesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.148-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-64kb5.14.21-150400.24.176.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default5.14.21-150400.24.176.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default-base5.14.21-150400.24.176.1.150400.24.90.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-docs5.14.21-150400.24.176.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_319-150600.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_517-150600.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-obs-build5.14.21-150400.24.176.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-rt5.14.21-150400.15.130.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source5.14.21-150400.24.176.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source-rt5.14.21-150400.15.130.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-syms5.14.21-150400.24.176.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-zfcpdump5.14.21-150400.24.176.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSSPackage registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2024-50302276 days apartHID: core: zero-initialize the report bufferKEV
    52Plan
  • CVE-2026-52989306 days apartnvmet-tcp: propagate nvmet_tcp_build_pdu_iovec() errors to its callers
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2024-47685305 days apartnetfilter: nf_reject_ipv6: fix nf_reject_ip6_tcphdr_put()
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2026-53225307 days apartsctp: fix uninit-value in __sctp_rcv_asconf_lookup()
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2026-53170307 days apartaccel/ethosu: reject DMA commands with uninitialized length
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-43139257 days apartxfrm6: fix uninitialized saddr in xfrm6_get_saddr()
    34Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-908 · Use of Uninitialized Resource

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (6 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records