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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-38623: PCI: pnv_php: Fix surprise plug detection and recovery

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.17% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 1d2f63680c5719a5da92639e981c6c9a87fcee08, 2ec8ec57bb8ebde3e2a015eff80e5d66e6634fe3, 473999ba937eac9776be791deed7c84a21d7880b; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 1d2f63680c5719a5da92639e981c6c9a87fcee08, 2ec8ec57bb8ebde3e2a015eff80e5d66e6634fe3, 473999ba937eac9776be791deed7c84a21d7880b; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI: pnv_php: Fix surprise plug detection and recovery The existing PowerNV hotplug code did not handle surprise plug events correctly, leading to a complete failure of the hotplug system after device removal and a required reboot to detect new devices. This comes down to two issues: 1) When a device is surprise removed, often the bridge upstream port will cause a PE freeze on the PHB. If this freeze is not cleared, the MSI interrupts from the bridge hotplug notification logic will not be received by the kernel, stalling all plug events on all slots associated with the PE. 2) When a device is removed from a slot, regardless of surprise or programmatic removal, the associated PHB/PE ls left frozen. If this freeze is not cleared via a fundamental reset, skiboot is unable to clear the freeze and cannot retrain / rescan the slot. This also requires a reboot to clear the freeze and redetect the device in the slot. Issue the appropriate unfreeze and rescan commands on hotplug events, and don't oops on hotplug if pci_bus_to_OF_node() returns NULL. [bhelgaas: tidy comments]

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Aug 22, 2025
Updated
Nov 5, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 6th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-38623

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux11.0
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.190
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.148
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.102
  • linux linux kernel4.9 and later · before 5.10.241
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.15.10
  • linux linux kernel6.16 and later · before 6.16.1
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.42

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 4.9affected
    • 360aebd85a4c946764f6301d68de2a817fad5159 and later · before 6e7b5f922901585b8f11e0d6cda12bda5c59fc8aaffected · git
    • 360aebd85a4c946764f6301d68de2a817fad5159 and later · before 2ec8ec57bb8ebde3e2a015eff80e5d66e6634fe3affected · git
    • 360aebd85a4c946764f6301d68de2a817fad5159 and later · before 473999ba937eac9776be791deed7c84a21d7880baffected · git
    • 360aebd85a4c946764f6301d68de2a817fad5159 and later · before 6e7b24c71e530a6c1d656e73d8a30ee081656844affected · git
    • 360aebd85a4c946764f6301d68de2a817fad5159 and later · before 48c6935a34981bb56f35be0774ec1f30c6e386f8affected · git
    • 360aebd85a4c946764f6301d68de2a817fad5159 and later · before 1d2f63680c5719a5da92639e981c6c9a87fcee08affected · git
    • 360aebd85a4c946764f6301d68de2a817fad5159 and later · before 78d20b8c13075eae3d884c21db7a09a6bbdda5b2affected · git
    • 360aebd85a4c946764f6301d68de2a817fad5159 and later · before a2a2a6fc2469524caa713036297c542746d148dcaffected · git
    • before 4.9not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.148-16.1.148-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.43-16.12.43-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.16.3-16.16.3-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38621Aug 22, 2025 · md: make rdev_addable usable for rcu mode
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38622Aug 22, 2025 · net: drop UFO packets in udp_rcv_segment()
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-38624Aug 22, 2025 · PCI: pnv_php: Clean up allocated IRQs on unplug
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux1d2f63680c5719a5da92639e981c6c9a87fcee08Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux2ec8ec57bb8ebde3e2a015eff80e5d66e6634fe3Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux473999ba937eac9776be791deed7c84a21d7880bVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux48c6935a34981bb56f35be0774ec1f30c6e386f8Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6e7b24c71e530a6c1d656e73d8a30ee081656844Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6e7b5f922901585b8f11e0d6cda12bda5c59fc8aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux78d20b8c13075eae3d884c21db7a09a6bbdda5b2Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxa2a2a6fc2469524caa713036297c542746d148dcVendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.104.2-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.148-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (8 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records