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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-38494: HID: core: do not bypass hid_hw_raw_request

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.26% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 0e5017d84d650ca0eeaf4a3fe9264c5dbc886b81, 19d1314d46c0d8a5c08ab53ddeb62280c77698c0, 40e25aa7e4e0f2440c73a683ee448e41c7c344ed; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 0e5017d84d650ca0eeaf4a3fe9264c5dbc886b81, 19d1314d46c0d8a5c08ab53ddeb62280c77698c0, 40e25aa7e4e0f2440c73a683ee448e41c7c344ed; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.104.2-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: core: do not bypass hid_hw_raw_request hid_hw_raw_request() is actually useful to ensure the provided buffer and length are valid. Directly calling in the low level transport driver function bypassed those checks and allowed invalid paramto be used.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jul 28, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 17th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
7.8
CNA · Linux
7.8
agree

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux11.0
  • linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.241
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.190
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.147
  • linux linux kernel3.15 and later · before 5.4.297
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.40
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.15.8
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.100
  • linux linux kernel6.16

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 3.15affected
    • 4fa5a7f76cc7b6ac87f57741edd2b124851d119f and later · before dd8e8314f2ce225dade5248dcfb9e2ac0edda624affected · git
    • 4fa5a7f76cc7b6ac87f57741edd2b124851d119f and later · before 40e25aa7e4e0f2440c73a683ee448e41c7c344edaffected · git
    • 4fa5a7f76cc7b6ac87f57741edd2b124851d119f and later · before f10923b8d32a473b229477b63f23bbd72b1e9910affected · git
    • 4fa5a7f76cc7b6ac87f57741edd2b124851d119f and later · before a62a895edb2bfebffa865b5129a66e3b4287f34faffected · git
    • 4fa5a7f76cc7b6ac87f57741edd2b124851d119f and later · before 0e5017d84d650ca0eeaf4a3fe9264c5dbc886b81affected · git
    • 4fa5a7f76cc7b6ac87f57741edd2b124851d119f and later · before d18f63e848840100dbc351a82e7042eac5a28cf5affected · git
    • 4fa5a7f76cc7b6ac87f57741edd2b124851d119f and later · before 19d1314d46c0d8a5c08ab53ddeb62280c77698c0affected · git
    • 4fa5a7f76cc7b6ac87f57741edd2b124851d119f and later · before c2ca42f190b6714d6c481dfd3d9b62ea091c946baffected · git
    • before 3.15not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.147-16.1.147-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.41-16.12.41-1
Debian:14linuxbefore 6.16.3-16.16.3-1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_58before 16-2.116-2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_59before 15-2.115-2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_60before 14-2.114-2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_65before 6-2.16-2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_69before 2-2.12-2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_70before 2-2.12-2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-defaultbefore 5.3.18-150300.59.215.15.3.18-150300.59.215.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_47before 16-150300.2.116-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_48before 15-150300.2.115-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_49before 14-150300.2.114-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_52before 9-150300.2.19-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_54before 6-150300.2.16-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_55before 6-150300.2.16-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_56before 4-150300.2.14-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_57before 4-150300.2.14-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_58before 3-150300.2.13-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_59before 3-150300.2.13-150300.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_60before 1-150300.7.3.11-150300.7.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_28before 17-150400.2.117-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_29before 15-150400.2.115-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_34before 11-150400.2.111-150400.2.1

+55

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38492Jul 28, 2025 · netfs: Fix race between cache write completion and ALL_QUEUED being set
    18Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38493Jul 28, 2025 · tracing/osnoise: Fix crash in timerlat_dump_stack()
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-38495Jul 28, 2025 · HID: core: ensure the allocated report buffer can contain the reserved report ID
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux0e5017d84d650ca0eeaf4a3fe9264c5dbc886b81Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux19d1314d46c0d8a5c08ab53ddeb62280c77698c0Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux40e25aa7e4e0f2440c73a683ee448e41c7c344edVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxa62a895edb2bfebffa865b5129a66e3b4287f34fVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxc2ca42f190b6714d6c481dfd3d9b62ea091c946bVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxd18f63e848840100dbc351a82e7042eac5a28cf5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxdd8e8314f2ce225dade5248dcfb9e2ac0edda624Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxf10923b8d32a473b229477b63f23bbd72b1e9910Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.96.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.104.2-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.147-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-64kb5.3.18-150300.59.215.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSSPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default5.3.18-150300.59.215.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_583-150300.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP3_Update_601-150300.7.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP3Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_2915-150400.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_384-150400.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_020-150600.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_132-150600.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_414-150600.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_22-150700.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_5816-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP5_Update_656-2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 12 SP5Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (9 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records