NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-38476: rpl: Fix use-after-free in rpl_do_srh_inline().

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.39% (FIRST EPSS).
Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
Fixed version: Linux Linux 034b428aa3583373a5a20b1c5931bb2b3cae1f36, 06ec83b6c792fde1f710c1de3e836da6e257c4c4, 62dcd9d6e61c39122d2f251a26829e2e55b0a11d.
Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 9.8, NVD 7.8.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 034b428aa3583373a5a20b1c5931bb2b3cae1f36, 06ec83b6c792fde1f710c1de3e836da6e257c4c4, 62dcd9d6e61c39122d2f251a26829e2e55b0a11d or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rpl: Fix use-after-free in rpl_do_srh_inline(). Running lwt_dst_cache_ref_loop.sh in selftest with KASAN triggers the splat below [0]. rpl_do_srh_inline() fetches ipv6_hdr(skb) and accesses it after skb_cow_head(), which is illegal as the header could be freed then. Let's fix it by making oldhdr to a local struct instead of a pointer. [0]: [root@fedora net]# ./lwt_dst_cache_ref_loop.sh ... TEST: rpl (input) [ 57.631529] ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in rpl_do_srh_inline.isra.0 (net/ipv6/rpl_iptunnel.c:174) Read of size 40 at addr ffff888122bf96d8 by task ping6/1543 CPU: 50 UID: 0 PID: 1543 Comm: ping6 Not tainted 6.16.0-rc5-01302-gfadd1e6231b1 #23 PREEMPT(voluntary) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <IRQ> dump_stack_lvl (lib/dump_stack.c:122) print_report (mm/kasan/report.c:409 mm/kasan/report.c:521) kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:221 mm/kasan/report.c:636) kasan_check_range (mm/kasan/generic.c:175 (discriminator 1) mm/kasan/generic.c:189 (discriminator 1)) __asan_memmove (mm/kasan/shadow.c:94 (discriminator 2)) rpl_do_srh_inline.isra.0 (net/ipv6/rpl_iptunnel.c:174) rpl_input (net/ipv6/rpl_iptunnel.c:201 net/ipv6/rpl_iptunnel.c:282) lwtunnel_input (net/core/lwtunnel.c:459) ipv6_rcv (./include/net/dst.h:471 (discriminator 1) ./include/net/dst.h:469 (discriminator 1) net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:79 (discriminator 1) ./include/linux/netfilter.h:317 (discriminator 1) ./include/linux/netfilter.h:311 (discriminator 1) net/ipv6/ip6_input.c:311 (discriminator 1)) __netif_receive_skb_one_core (net/core/dev.c:5967) process_backlog (./include/linux/rcupdate.h:869 net/core/dev.c:6440) __napi_poll.constprop.0 (net/core/dev.c:7452) net_rx_action (net/core/dev.c:7518 net/core/dev.c:7643) handle_softirqs (kernel/softirq.c:579) do_softirq (kernel/softirq.c:480 (discriminator 20)) </IRQ> <TASK> __local_bh_enable_ip (kernel/softirq.c:407) __dev_queue_xmit (net/core/dev.c:4740) ip6_finish_output2 (./include/linux/netdevice.h:3358 ./include/net/neighbour.h:526 ./include/net/neighbour.h:540 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:141) ip6_finish_output (net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:215 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:226) ip6_output (./include/linux/netfilter.h:306 net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:248) ip6_send_skb (net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:1983) rawv6_sendmsg (net/ipv6/raw.c:588 net/ipv6/raw.c:918) __sys_sendto (net/socket.c:714 (discriminator 1) net/socket.c:729 (discriminator 1) net/socket.c:2228 (discriminator 1)) __x64_sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2231) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 (discriminator 1) arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:94 (discriminator 1)) entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:130) RIP: 0033:0x7f68cffb2a06 Code: 5d e8 41 8b 93 08 03 00 00 59 5e 48 83 f8 fc 75 19 83 e2 39 83 fa 08 75 11 e8 26 ff ff ff 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 48 8b 45 10 0f 05 <48> 8b 5d f8 c9 c3 0f 1f 40 00 f3 0f 1e fa 55 48 89 e5 48 83 ec 08 RSP: 002b:00007ffefb7c53d0 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000002c RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000564cd69f10a0 RCX: 00007f68cffb2a06 RDX: 0000000000000040 RSI: 0000564cd69f10a4 RDI: 0000000000000003 RBP: 00007ffefb7c53f0 R08: 0000564cd6a032ac R09: 000000000000001c R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000564cd69f10a4 R13: 0000000000000040 R14: 00007ffefb7c66e0 R15: 0000564cd69f10a0 </TASK> Allocated by task 1543: kasan_save_stack (mm/kasan/common.c:48) kasan_save_track (mm/kasan/common.c:60 (discriminator 1) mm/kasan/common.c:69 (discriminator 1)) __kasan_slab_alloc (mm/kasan/common.c:319 mm/kasan/common.c:345) kmem_cache_alloc_node_noprof (./include/linux/kasan.h:250 mm/slub.c:4148 mm/slub.c:4197 mm/slub.c:4249) kmalloc_reserve (net/core/skbuff.c:581 (discriminator 88)) __alloc_skb (net/core/skbuff.c:669) __ip6_append_data (net/ipv6/ip6_output.c:1672 (discriminator 1)) ip6_ ---truncated---

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Memory safety

Published: Jul 28, 2025
Updated: Aug 5, 2026
EPSS: 0.3% · 33th percentile
CWE: CWE-416

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.3%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: 7.8
CNA · Linux: 9.8; 2.0 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
No public exploit code on record
A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
linux	linux kernel	cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel
debian	debian linux	cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

debian debian linux11.0
linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.190
linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.147
linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.100
linux linux kernel5.7 and later · before 5.10.241
linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.15.8
linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.40
linux linux kernel6.16

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

Linux Linux
- 5.7affected
- a7a29f9c361f8542604ef959ae6627f423b7a412 and later · before c09e21dfc08d8afb92d9ea3bee3457adbe3ef297affected · git
- a7a29f9c361f8542604ef959ae6627f423b7a412 and later · before 8ba6c2362b85089b8972ac5f20b24fc71a4b8ffcaffected · git
- a7a29f9c361f8542604ef959ae6627f423b7a412 and later · before e8101506ab86dd78f823b7028f2036a380f3a12aaffected · git
- a7a29f9c361f8542604ef959ae6627f423b7a412 and later · before 62dcd9d6e61c39122d2f251a26829e2e55b0a11daffected · git
- a7a29f9c361f8542604ef959ae6627f423b7a412 and later · before 06ec83b6c792fde1f710c1de3e836da6e257c4c4affected · git
- a7a29f9c361f8542604ef959ae6627f423b7a412 and later · before 034b428aa3583373a5a20b1c5931bb2b3cae1f36affected · git
- a7a29f9c361f8542604ef959ae6627f423b7a412 and later · before b640daa2822a39ff76e70200cb2b7b892b896dceaffected · git
- before 5.7not affected · semver
- 5.10.241 and later · up to and including 5.10.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
Debian:12	linux	before 6.1.147-1	6.1.147-1
Debian:13	linux	before 6.12.41-1	6.12.41-1
Debian:14	linux	before 6.16.3-1	6.16.3-1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_34	before 19-150400.2.1	19-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_35	before 18-150400.2.1	18-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_36	before 13-150400.2.1	13-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_40	before 12-150400.2.1	12-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_43	before 7-150400.2.1	7-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_44	before 6-150400.2.1	6-150400.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_21	before 17-150500.2.1	17-150500.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_22	before 17-150500.2.1	17-150500.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_23	before 13-150500.2.1	13-150500.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_24	before 13-150500.2.1	13-150500.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_27	before 11-150500.2.1	11-150500.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_29	before 8-150500.2.1	8-150500.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_30	before 5-150500.2.1	5-150500.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_31	before 3-150500.2.1	3-150500.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_10	before 11-150600.2.1	11-150600.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_13	before 9-150600.2.1	9-150600.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_6	before 17-150600.2.1	17-150600.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_7	before 17-150600.2.1	17-150600.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_8	before 12-150600.2.1	12-150600.2.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_0	before 9-150700.3.24.1	9-150700.3.24.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7	kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_1	before 9-150700.2.1	9-150700.2.1

+16

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Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2025-38474Jul 28, 2025 · usb: net: sierra: check for no status endpoint
22Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2025-38475Jul 28, 2025 · smc: Fix various oops due to inet_sock type confusion.
22Monitor
Later →CVE-2025-38477Jul 28, 2025 · net/sched: sch_qfq: Fix race condition on qfq_aggregate
18Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
Linux Linux	034b428aa3583373a5a20b1c5931bb2b3cae1f36	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	06ec83b6c792fde1f710c1de3e836da6e257c4c4	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	62dcd9d6e61c39122d2f251a26829e2e55b0a11d	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	8ba6c2362b85089b8972ac5f20b24fc71a4b8ffc	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	b640daa2822a39ff76e70200cb2b7b892b896dce	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	c09e21dfc08d8afb92d9ea3bee3457adbe3ef297	Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux	e8101506ab86dd78f823b7028f2036a380f3a12a	Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux	6.1.147-1 · Debian:12	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_34	19-150400.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_35	18-150400.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_36	13-150400.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_40	12-150400.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_44	6-150400.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_21	17-150500.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_24	13-150500.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_27	11-150500.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_29	8-150500.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_0	9-150700.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_1	9-150700.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7	Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_2	9-150700.2.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7	Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
A low-privileged account is enough.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Local
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-416 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1free(dev->buf);
2/* ... another thread is still running ... */
3process(dev->buf);

Fixed

1lock(&dev->lock);
2free(dev->buf);
3dev->buf = NULL;
4unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:11 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

git.kernel.org/stable/c/034b428aa3583373a5a20b1c5931bb2b3cae1f36

Show all references (8 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records