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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-38337: jbd2: fix data-race and null-ptr-deref in jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata()

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.19% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 23361b479f2700c00960d3ae9cdc8ededa762d47, 2e7c64d7a92c031d016f11c8e8cb05131ab7b75a, 43d5e3bb5f1dcd91e30238ea0b59a5f77063f84e; azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.96.1-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 23361b479f2700c00960d3ae9cdc8ededa762d47, 2e7c64d7a92c031d016f11c8e8cb05131ab7b75a, 43d5e3bb5f1dcd91e30238ea0b59a5f77063f84e; azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.96.1-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: jbd2: fix data-race and null-ptr-deref in jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata() Since handle->h_transaction may be a NULL pointer, so we should change it to call is_handle_aborted(handle) first before dereferencing it. And the following data-race was reported in my fuzzer: ================================================================== BUG: KCSAN: data-race in jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata / jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata write to 0xffff888011024104 of 4 bytes by task 10881 on cpu 1: jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata+0x2a5/0x770 fs/jbd2/transaction.c:1556 __ext4_handle_dirty_metadata+0xe7/0x4b0 fs/ext4/ext4_jbd2.c:358 ext4_do_update_inode fs/ext4/inode.c:5220 [inline] ext4_mark_iloc_dirty+0x32c/0xd50 fs/ext4/inode.c:5869 __ext4_mark_inode_dirty+0xe1/0x450 fs/ext4/inode.c:6074 ext4_dirty_inode+0x98/0xc0 fs/ext4/inode.c:6103 .... read to 0xffff888011024104 of 4 bytes by task 10880 on cpu 0: jbd2_journal_dirty_metadata+0xf2/0x770 fs/jbd2/transaction.c:1512 __ext4_handle_dirty_metadata+0xe7/0x4b0 fs/ext4/ext4_jbd2.c:358 ext4_do_update_inode fs/ext4/inode.c:5220 [inline] ext4_mark_iloc_dirty+0x32c/0xd50 fs/ext4/inode.c:5869 __ext4_mark_inode_dirty+0xe1/0x450 fs/ext4/inode.c:6074 ext4_dirty_inode+0x98/0xc0 fs/ext4/inode.c:6103 .... value changed: 0x00000000 -> 0x00000001 ================================================================== This issue is caused by missing data-race annotation for jh->b_modified. Therefore, the missing annotation needs to be added.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jul 10, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 9th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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When you'll hear from us

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux11.0
  • linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.239
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.186
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.142
  • linux linux kernel4.3 and later · before 5.4.295
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.35
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.15.4
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.95

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 4.3affected
    • 6e06ae88edae77379bef7c0cb7d3c2dd88676867 and later · before 5c1a34ff5b0bfdfd2f9343aa9b08d25df618bac5affected · git
    • 6e06ae88edae77379bef7c0cb7d3c2dd88676867 and later · before ec669e5bf409f16e464bfad75f0ba039a45de29aaffected · git
    • 6e06ae88edae77379bef7c0cb7d3c2dd88676867 and later · before 43d5e3bb5f1dcd91e30238ea0b59a5f77063f84eaffected · git
    • 6e06ae88edae77379bef7c0cb7d3c2dd88676867 and later · before 23361b479f2700c00960d3ae9cdc8ededa762d47affected · git
    • 6e06ae88edae77379bef7c0cb7d3c2dd88676867 and later · before 2e7c64d7a92c031d016f11c8e8cb05131ab7b75aaffected · git
    • 6e06ae88edae77379bef7c0cb7d3c2dd88676867 and later · before f78b38af3540b4875147b7b884ee11a27b3dbf4caffected · git
    • 6e06ae88edae77379bef7c0cb7d3c2dd88676867 and later · before a377996d714afb8d4d5f4906336f78510039da29affected · git
    • 6e06ae88edae77379bef7c0cb7d3c2dd88676867 and later · before af98b0157adf6504fade79b3e6cb260c4ff68e37affected · git
    • before 4.3not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.147-16.1.147-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.35-16.12.35-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38335Jul 10, 2025 · Input: gpio-keys - fix a sleep while atomic with PREEMPT_RT
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38336Jul 10, 2025 · ata: pata_via: Force PIO for ATAPI devices on VT6415/VT6330
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-38338Jul 10, 2025 · fs/nfs/read: fix double-unlock bug in nfs_return_empty_folio()
    31Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux23361b479f2700c00960d3ae9cdc8ededa762d47Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux2e7c64d7a92c031d016f11c8e8cb05131ab7b75aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux43d5e3bb5f1dcd91e30238ea0b59a5f77063f84eVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5c1a34ff5b0bfdfd2f9343aa9b08d25df618bac5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxa377996d714afb8d4d5f4906336f78510039da29Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxaf98b0157adf6504fade79b3e6cb260c4ff68e37Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxec669e5bf409f16e464bfad75f0ba039a45de29aVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxf78b38af3540b4875147b7b884ee11a27b3dbf4cVendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.96.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.147-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (9 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records