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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-38231: nfsd: Initialize ssc before laundromat_work to prevent NULL dereference

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.18% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 0fccf5f01ed28725cc313a66ca1247eef911d55e, 5.10.239, 5060e1a5fef184bd11d298e3f0ee920d96a23236; azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.96.1-1; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.96.1-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 0fccf5f01ed28725cc313a66ca1247eef911d55e, 5.10.239, 5060e1a5fef184bd11d298e3f0ee920d96a23236; azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.96.1-1; azl3 kernel 6.6.96.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.96.1-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfsd: Initialize ssc before laundromat_work to prevent NULL dereference In nfs4_state_start_net(), laundromat_work may access nfsd_ssc through nfs4_laundromat -> nfsd4_ssc_expire_umount. If nfsd_ssc isn't initialized, this can cause NULL pointer dereference. Normally the delayed start of laundromat_work allows sufficient time for nfsd_ssc initialization to complete. However, when the kernel waits too long for userspace responses (e.g. in nfs4_state_start_net -> nfsd4_end_grace -> nfsd4_record_grace_done -> nfsd4_cld_grace_done -> cld_pipe_upcall -> __cld_pipe_upcall -> wait_for_completion path), the delayed work may start before nfsd_ssc initialization finishes. Fix this by moving nfsd_ssc initialization before starting laundromat_work.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jul 4, 2025
Updated
Nov 5, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 8th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-38231

When you'll hear from us

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  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
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  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux11.0
  • linux linux kernel5.14 and later · before 5.15.186
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.142
  • linux linux kernel5.10.220 and later · before 5.10.239
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.35
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.15.4
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.95

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 5.14affected
    • a4bc287943f5695209ff36bdc89f17b48d68fae7 and later · before deaeb74ae9318252829c59a84a7d2316fc335660affected · git
    • f4e44b393389c77958f7c58bf4415032b4cda15b and later · before 0fccf5f01ed28725cc313a66ca1247eef911d55eaffected · git
    • f4e44b393389c77958f7c58bf4415032b4cda15b and later · before a97668ec6d73dab237cd1c15efe012a10090a4edaffected · git
    • f4e44b393389c77958f7c58bf4415032b4cda15b and later · before 5060e1a5fef184bd11d298e3f0ee920d96a23236affected · git
    • f4e44b393389c77958f7c58bf4415032b4cda15b and later · before d622c2ee6c08147ab8c9b9e37d93b6e95d3258e0affected · git
    • f4e44b393389c77958f7c58bf4415032b4cda15b and later · before 83ac1ba8ca102ab5c0ed4351f8ac6e74ac4d5d64affected · git
    • f4e44b393389c77958f7c58bf4415032b4cda15b and later · before b31da62889e6d610114d81dc7a6edbcaa503fcf8affected · git
    • 5.10.220 and later · before 5.10.239affected · semver
    • before 5.14not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.147-16.1.147-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.35-16.12.35-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe…KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38222Jul 4, 2025 · ext4: inline: fix len overflow in ext4_prepare_inline_data
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-38229Jul 4, 2025 · media: cxusb: no longer judge rbuf when the write fails
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-38232Jul 4, 2025 · NFSD: fix race between nfsd registration and exports_proc
    18Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux0fccf5f01ed28725cc313a66ca1247eef911d55eVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5.10.239Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5060e1a5fef184bd11d298e3f0ee920d96a23236Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux83ac1ba8ca102ab5c0ed4351f8ac6e74ac4d5d64Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxa97668ec6d73dab237cd1c15efe012a10090a4edVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxb31da62889e6d610114d81dc7a6edbcaa503fcf8Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxd622c2ee6c08147ab8c9b9e37d93b6e95d3258e0Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxdeaeb74ae9318252829c59a84a7d2316fc335660Vendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-2 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.96.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 kernel 6.6.96.1-1 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.96.1-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.147-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. SSVC exploitation— → none
  2. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (9 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records