CVE-2025-32989: Gnutls: vulnerability in gnutls sct extension parsing
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 21/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.4% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 73.6% of all records.
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- Fixed version: www.gnutls.org/ libgnutls 3.8.10; azl3 gnutls 3.8.3-4 on Azure Linux 3.0 3.8.3-5; azl3 gnutls 3.8.3-5 on Azure Linux 3.0 3.8.3-5.
Low priority for now. Upgrade to www.gnutls.org/ libgnutls 3.8.10; azl3 gnutls 3.8.3-4 on Azure Linux 3.0 3.8.3-5; azl3 gnutls 3.8.3-5 on Azure Linux 3.0 3.8.3-5 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
A heap-buffer-overread vulnerability was found in GnuTLS in how it handles the Certificate Transparency (CT) Signed Certificate Timestamp (SCT) extension during X.509 certificate parsing. This flaw allows a malicious user to create a certificate containing a malformed SCT extension (OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.11129.2.4.2) that contains sensitive data. This issue leads to the exposure of confidential information when GnuTLS verifies certificates from certain websites when the certificate (SCT) is not checked correctly.
- Published
- Jul 10, 2025
- Updated
- Oct 15, 2026
- EPSS
- 1.4% · 73th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-295
Report tools
Action score
21
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 21 / 40 · 5.3 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 1.4%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · redhat
- 5.3
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| gnu | gnutls | cpe:2.3:a:gnu:gnutls |
| redhat | openshift container platform | cpe:2.3:a:redhat:openshift_container_platform |
| redhat | enterprise linux | cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux |
Check your server's TLS configuration
The GnuTLS version can't be seen from outside; the free SSL checker tests your certificate, enabled TLS versions and weak ciphers. Confirm the version on your server with the package manager.
Run the SSL checkAffected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- gnu gnutlsall versions
- redhat enterprise linux10.0
- redhat enterprise linux6.0
- redhat enterprise linux7.0
- redhat enterprise linux8.0
- redhat enterprise linux9.0
- redhat openshift container platform4.0
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (redhat). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Red Hat Red Hat Ceph Storage 7
- 7 and laternot affected · rpm
Red Hat Red Hat Discovery 2
- 2.3.0-1760554384 and laternot affected · rpm
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10
- 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 and laternot affected · rpm
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
- all versionsunknown
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
- all versionsunknown
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8
- all versionsunknown
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9
- 0:3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 and laternot affected · rpm
- 0:3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 and laternot affected · rpm
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions
- 0:3.7.6-21.el9_2.4 and laternot affected · rpm
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Extended Update Support
- 0:3.8.3-4.el9_4.4 and laternot affected · rpm
Red Hat Red Hat Hardened Images
- 3.8.12-1.1.hum1 and laternot affected · rpm
Red Hat Red Hat Insights proxy 1.5
- 1.5.7-1759331989 and laternot affected · rpm
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4
- all versionsaffected
- all versionsaffected
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| AlmaLinux:10 | gnutls | before 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | gnutls-c++ | before 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | gnutls-dane | before 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | gnutls-devel | before 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | gnutls-fips | before 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| AlmaLinux:10 | gnutls-utils | before 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | gnutls | before 3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 | 3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | gnutls-c++ | before 3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 | 3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | gnutls-dane | before 3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 | 3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | gnutls-devel | before 3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 | 3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 |
| AlmaLinux:9 | gnutls-utils | before 3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 | 3.8.3-6.el9_6.2 |
| Alpine:v3.20 | gnutls | before 3.8.12-r0 | 3.8.12-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.23 | gnutls | before 3.8.11-r0 | 3.8.11-r0 |
| Debian:12 | gnutls28 | before 3.7.9-2+deb12u5 | 3.7.9-2+deb12u5 |
| Debian:13 | gnutls28 | before 3.8.9-3 | 3.8.9-3 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | gnutls | before 3.8.3-150600.4.9.1 | 3.8.3-150600.4.9.1 |
| openSUSE:Tumbleweed | gnutls | before 3.8.10-1.1 | 3.8.10-1.1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | gnutls | before 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | gnutls-c++ | before 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | gnutls-c++-debuginfo | before 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | gnutls-dane | before 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | gnutls-dane-debuginfo | before 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | gnutls-debuginfo | before 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | gnutls-debugsource | before 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 |
+48
Same product
gnu: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2017-5334Double free vulnerability in the gnutls_x509_ext_import_proxy function in GnuTLS before 3.3.26 and 3.5.x before 3.5.8 allows remote attacker49Plan
- CVE-2019-3829A vulnerability was found in gnutls versions from 3.5.8 before 3.6.7.48Plan
- CVE-2008-1948The _gnutls_server_name_recv_params function in lib/ext_server_name.c in libgnutls in gnutls-serv in GnuTLS before 2.2.4 does not properly c44Plan
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2024-0567Jan 16, 2024 · Gnutls: rejects certificate chain with distributed trust30Monitor
- ← EarlierCVE-2025-32988Jul 10, 2025 · Gnutls: vulnerability in gnutls othername san export32Monitor
- Later →CVE-2025-32990Jul 10, 2025 · Gnutls: vulnerability in gnutls certtool template parsing32Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| www.gnutls.org/ libgnutls | 3.8.10 | Vendor (CNA) |
| azl3 gnutls 3.8.3-4 on Azure Linux 3.0 | 3.8.3-5 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| azl3 gnutls 3.8.3-5 on Azure Linux 3.0 | 3.8.3-5 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| cbl2 gnutls 3.7.11-3 on CBL Mariner 2.0 | 3.7.11-4 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| cbl2 gnutls 3.7.11-4 on CBL Mariner 2.0 | 3.7.11-4 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| almalinux:gnutls | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:gnutls-c++ | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:gnutls-dane | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:gnutls-devel | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:gnutls-fips | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| almalinux:gnutls-utils | 3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · AlmaLinux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| alpine:gnutls | 3.8.12-r0 · Alpine:v3.20 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:gnutls28 | 3.7.9-2+deb12u5 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:gnutls | 3.8.3-150600.4.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:gnutls | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:gnutls-c++ | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:gnutls-c++-debuginfo | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:gnutls-dane | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:gnutls-dane-debuginfo | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:gnutls-debuginfo | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:gnutls-debugsource | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:gnutls-devel | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:gnutls-fips | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:gnutls-utils | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:gnutls-utils-debuginfo | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:mingw32-gnutls | 0:3.8.12-1.1.hum1 · Red Hat:hummingbird:1 | Package registry (OSV) |
| rocky linux:gnutls | 0:3.8.9-9.el10_0.14 · Rocky Linux:10 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:gnutls | 3.7.3-150400.14.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:gnutls | 3.8.3-150600.4.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- low · data can be read
- Integrity
- none
- Availability
- none
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- Low
- Integrity impact
- None
- Availability impact
- None
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-295 · Improper Certificate ValidationCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
nvd-secondary
Root cause
A certificate validation error is silently swallowed instead of terminating the connection. Often, code added for a test environment makes its way into production.
The bug in code
The whole CWE-295 classA representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.
Vulnerable
override fun checkServerTrusted(chain: Array<X509Certificate>, type: String) {
// Left empty for the test environment
}Fixed
val client = OkHttpClient.Builder()
.certificatePinner(
CertificatePinner.Builder()
.add("api.sirius.example", "sha256/…")
.build()
).build()Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
ATT&CK techniques
—
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
Show all references (12 more)Show less
- access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:16116
- access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:17181
- access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:17348
- access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:17361
- access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19088
- access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:22529
- access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7477
- access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-32989
- bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2359621
- lists.gnupg.org/pipermail/gnutls-help/2025-July/004883.html
- www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/11/3
- cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.