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NVD / CVE Program· CNA mitre

CVE-2025-32463: Sudo before 1.9.17p1 allows local users to obtain root access because /etc/nsswitch.conf from a user-controlled directory is used with the -

Noroxi assessment

Priority: This week (action score 78/100)

  • CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (Sep 29, 2025). Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Oct 20, 2025.
  • A ready-made attack module is public (Metasploit, Nuclei); exploiting it takes no special expertise.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 56.3% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99% of all records.
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: sudo (AlmaLinux:10) 1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2; sudo-python-plugin (AlmaLinux:10) 1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2; sudo (Alpine:v3.21) 1.9.17_p1-r0.

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window. Upgrade to sudo (AlmaLinux:10) 1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2; sudo-python-plugin (AlmaLinux:10) 1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2; sudo (Alpine:v3.21) 1.9.17_p1-r0 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS

Sudo before 1.9.17p1 allows local users to obtain root access because /etc/nsswitch.conf from a user-controlled directory is used with the --chroot option.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1KEVWeaponized Fix available
Published
Jun 30, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
56.3% · 99th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

78

This week

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS
17 / 30 · 56.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
active
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
7.8
CNA · mitre
9.3
1.5 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Sep 29, 2025. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Oct 20, 2025.

Get told when this record changes

  • In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
  • Weaponized exploit exists
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-32463

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
sudo projectsudo
canonicalubuntu linux
debiandebian linux
opensuseleap
redhatenterprise linux
suselinux enterprise desktop
suselinux enterprise real time
suselinux enterprise server for sap

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • canonical ubuntu linux22.04
  • canonical ubuntu linux24.04
  • canonical ubuntu linux24.10
  • canonical ubuntu linux25.04
  • debian debian linux11.0
  • debian debian linux12.0
  • debian debian linux13.0
  • opensuse leap15.6
  • redhat enterprise linux10.0
  • sudo project sudo1.9.14 and later · before 1.9.17
  • sudo project sudo1.9.17
  • suse linux enterprise desktop15
  • suse linux enterprise real time15.0
  • suse linux enterprise server for sap12

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (mitre). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Sudo project Sudo

    • 1.9.14 and later · before 1.9.17p1affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:10sudobefore 1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.21.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2
AlmaLinux:10sudo-python-pluginbefore 1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.21.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2
Alpine:v3.21sudofrom 1.9.14 · before 1.9.17_p1-r01.9.17_p1-r0
Debian:13sudobefore 1.9.16p2-31.9.16p2-3
openSUSE:Leap 15.6sudobefore 1.9.15p5-150600.3.9.11.9.15p5-150600.3.9.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedsudobefore 1.9.17p1-1.11.9.17p1-1.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0sudobefore 0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.20:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0sudo-debuginfobefore 0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.20:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0sudo-debugsourcebefore 0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.20:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0sudo-python-pluginbefore 0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.20:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0sudo-python-plugin-debuginfobefore 0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.20:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2
Rocky Linux:10sudobefore 0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.20:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6sudobefore 1.9.15p5-150600.3.9.11.9.15p5-150600.3.9.1
SUSE:Linux Micro 6.0sudobefore 1.9.15p5-2.11.9.15p5-2.1
SUSE:Linux Micro 6.1sudobefore 1.9.15p5-slfo.1.1_2.11.9.15p5-slfo.1.1_2.1

Same product

sudo project: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2021-3156Sudo before 1.9.5p2 contains an off-by-one error that can result in a heap-based buffer overflow, which allows privilege escalation to root KEV
    91Now
  • CVE-2019-14287In Sudo before 1.8.28, an attacker with access to a Runas ALL sudoer account can bypass certain policy blacklists and session PAM modules, a
    54Plan
  • CVE-2023-22809In Sudo before 1.9.12p2, the sudoedit (aka -e) feature mishandles extra arguments passed in the user-provided environment variables (SUDO_ED
    48Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-7090Dec 23, 2023 · Sudo: improper handling of ipa_hostname leads to privilege mismanagement
    35Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-32462Jun 30, 2025 · Sudo before 1.9.17p1, when used with a sudoers file that specifies a host that is neither the current host nor ALL, allows listed users to e
    36Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-35535Apr 2, 2026 · In Sudo through 1.9.17p2 before 3e474c2, a failure of a setuid, setgid, or setgroups call, during a privilege drop before running the mailer
    31Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
almalinux:sudo1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:sudo-python-plugin1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2 · AlmaLinux:10Package registry (OSV)
alpine:sudo1.9.17_p1-r0 · Alpine:v3.21Package registry (OSV)
debian:sudo1.9.16p2-3 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:sudo1.9.15p5-150600.3.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:sudo0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:sudo-debuginfo0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:sudo-debugsource0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:sudo-python-plugin0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
red hat:sudo-python-plugin-debuginfo0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:10.0Package registry (OSV)
rocky linux:sudo0:1.9.15-8.p5.el10_0.2 · Rocky Linux:10Package registry (OSV)
suse:sudo1.9.15p5-150600.3.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Evidence

  • Metasploit module ×1
  • Exploit-DB entry ×1
  • Nuclei detection template ×1
  • Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×50

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Metasploit moduleexploit/linux/local/sudo_chroot_cve_2025_32463Sudo Chroot 1.9.17 Privilege Escalationexploit2025-06-30
Nuclei detection templateNuclei template CVE-2025-32463 —
Exploit-DB entrylocal2025-07-08
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:5342025-07-01
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:12025-07-01
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:302025-07-01
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:102025-07-01
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:22025-07-01
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:42025-07-02
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:4742025-07-02
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02025-07-02
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:32025-07-02

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Metasploit-1 d
  2. Published
  3. First PoCsame day
  4. CISA KEV+90 d
  5. TodayNov 5, 2026+493 d
EPSS, last 120 days+1% in 7 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-829 · Inclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (14 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records