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Noroxi
NVD / CVE Program· CNA apple

CVE-2025-31216: The issue was addressed with improved checks.

LowCVSS 2.4 · v3.1—No exploit No fix recorded

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 9/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.16% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Physical access to the device is required. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

The issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5, iPadOS 17.7.7. An attacker with physical access to a device may be able to override managed Wi-Fi profiles.

Published
Nov 21, 2025
Updated
Oct 18, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 5th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

9

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
9 / 40 · 2.4 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-31216

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
appleipados
appleiphone os

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (apple). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Apple iOS and iPadOS

    • before 18.5affected

  • Apple iPadOS

    • before 17.7.7affected

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • apple ipadosbefore 17.7.7
  • apple ipados18.0 and later · before 18.5
  • apple iphone osbefore 18.5

Same product

apple: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-43300An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-30860An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation.KEV
    84Now
  • CVE-2023-32434An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation.KEV
    78This week

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-43418Nov 5, 2025 · This issue was addressed by restricting options offered on a locked device.
    18Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-43205Nov 12, 2025 · An out-of-bounds access issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.
    16Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-43374Nov 21, 2025 · An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking.
    17Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2025-30433235 days apartThis issue was addressed with improved access restrictions.
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2025-30436193 days apartThis issue was addressed by restricting options offered on a locked device.
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2024-27855529 days apartThe issue was addressed with improved checks.
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-65363339 days apartThe issue was addressed with improved checks.
    33Monitor
  • CVE-2025-4340717 days apartThis issue was addressed with improved entitlements.
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2025-24173235 days apartThis issue was addressed with additional entitlement checks.
    31Monitor

Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · patch commit or PR link · researcher credit · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Physical access to the device is required.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
low · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Physical
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
Low

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-284 · Improper Access Control

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records