An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation.
An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in Security Update 2021-005 Catalina, iOS 14.8 and iPadOS 14.8, macOS Big Sur 11.6, watchOS 7.6.2. Processing a maliciously crafted PDF may lead to arbitrary code execution. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited.
- Published
- Aug 24, 2021
- Updated
- Jun 16, 2026
- EPSS
- 76.0% · 100th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-190
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Report tools
Action score
84
Now
Patch today or shut off access.
- CVSS
- 31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 30 / 30 · Listed
- EPSS
- 23 / 30 · 76.0%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- active
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- total
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
Actively exploited in the wild
CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Nov 3, 2021. That signals real attacks, not theory.
Remediation deadline for government agencies: Nov 17, 2021.
Affected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| apple | ipados | cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados |
| apple | iphone os | cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os |
| apple | mac os x | cpe:2.3:o:apple:mac_os_x |
| apple | macos | cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos |
| apple | watchos | cpe:2.3:o:apple:watchos |
| xpdfreader | xpdf | cpe:2.3:a:xpdfreader:xpdf |
| freedesktop | poppler | cpe:2.3:a:freedesktop:poppler |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- apple ipadosbefore 14.8
- apple iphone osbefore 12.5.5
- apple iphone os13.0 and later · before 14.8
- apple mac os x10.15 and later · before 10.15.7
- apple mac os x10.15.7
- apple macosbefore 11.6
- apple watchosbefore 7.6.2
- freedesktop popplerbefore 22.09.0
- xpdfreader xpdfbefore 4.04
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (apple). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Apple iOS
- unspecified and later · before 14.8affected
Apple macOS
- unspecified and later · before 11.6affected
- unspecified and later · before 2021-005affected
Apple watchOS
- unspecified and later · before 7.6affected
Same product
apple: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2025-43300An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.KEV80Now
- CVE-2023-41064A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling.KEV77This week
- CVE-2023-32434An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation.KEV76This week
- CVE-2025-24085A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management.KEV75This week
- CVE-2023-41993The issue was addressed with improved checks.KEV72This week
- CVE-2022-22587A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved input validation.KEV72This week
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.
Exploit status
Weaponized
A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.
Evidence
- Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×2
Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.
| Source | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:12 | 2021-09-18 |
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:102 | 2021-12-25 |
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
- Published
- First PoC+24 d
- CISA KEV+70 d
- TodaySep 29, 2026+1862 d
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- A user must open a link or visit a page.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- Required
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-190 · Integer Overflow or WraparoundCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
ATT&CK techniques
—
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for helpChange log
No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.
References
- support.apple.com/en-us/HT212804
- support.apple.com/en-us/HT212805
- support.apple.com/en-us/HT212806
- support.apple.com/en-us/HT212807
- support.apple.com/kb/HT212824
- seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Sep/25
- seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Sep/26
- seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Sep/27
- seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Sep/28
- seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Sep/38
- seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Sep/39
- seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Sep/40
- seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Sep/50
- www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/09/02/11
- security.gentoo.org/glsa/202209-21
- www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-30860
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.