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NVD / CVE Program· CNA microsoft

CVE-2025-29971: Web Threat Defense (WTD.sys) Denial of Service Vulnerability

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Plan (action score 50/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 68.1% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.3% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Windows 11 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.22621.5335; Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.22621.5335; Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.22631.5335.

Add it to your regular patch cycle. Upgrade to Windows 11 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.22621.5335; Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems 10.0.22621.5335; Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems 10.0.22631.5335 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Out-of-bounds read in Web Threat Defense (WTD.sys) allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.

HighCVSS 7.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
May 13, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
68.1% · 99th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

50

Plan

Add it to your regular patch cycle.

CVSS
30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
20 / 30 · 68.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · microsoft
7.5
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-29971

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
microsoftwindows 11 22h2
microsoftwindows 11 23h2
microsoftwindows 11 24h2

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • microsoft windows 11 22h2before 10.0.22621.5335
  • microsoft windows 11 23h2before 10.0.22631.5335
  • microsoft windows 11 24h2before 10.0.26100.4061

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (microsoft). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H2

    • 10.0.22621.0 and later · before 10.0.22621.5335affected

  • Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H3

    • 10.0.22631.0 and later · before 10.0.22631.5335affected

  • Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2

    • 10.0.22631.0 and later · before 10.0.22631.5335affected

  • Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2

    • 10.0.26100.0 and later · before 10.0.26100.4061affected

Same product

microsoft: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-29811Apr 8, 2025 · Windows Mobile Broadband Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
    31Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-29812Apr 8, 2025 · DirectX Graphics Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
    31Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-29828Jun 10, 2025 · Windows Schannel Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
    32Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Windows 11 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems10.0.22621.5335 · KB5058405Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems10.0.22621.5335 · KB5058405Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems10.0.22631.5335 · KB5058405Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems10.0.22631.5335 · KB5058405Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems10.0.26100.3983 · KB5061258Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems10.0.26100.4061 · KB5058411Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems10.0.26100.3983 · KB5061258Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems10.0.26100.4061 · KB5058411Microsoft (MSRC)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2025-55339154 days apartWindows Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2025-53805119 days apartHTTP.sys Denial of Service Vulnerability
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2024-43508217 days apartWindows Graphics Component Information Disclosure Vulnerability
    22Monitor
  • CVE-2023-35635518 days apartWindows Kernel Denial of Service Vulnerability
    22Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds Read

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records