NVD / CVE Program· CNA microsoft

CVE-2025-24983: Windows Win32 Kernel Subsystem Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Plan (action score 59/100)

CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (Mar 11, 2025). Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Apr 1, 2025.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.8% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 79.4% of all records.
Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
Fixed version: Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.10240.20947; Windows 10 for x64-based Systems 10.0.10240.20947; Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.14393.7876.

Add it to your regular patch cycle. Upgrade to Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.10240.20947; Windows 10 for x64-based Systems 10.0.10240.20947; Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.14393.7876 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS

Use after free in Windows Win32 Kernel Subsystem allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

HighCVSS 7.0 · v3.1KEVWeaponized Fix available

BDU:2025-02629

Published: Mar 11, 2025
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 1.8% · 79th percentile
CWE: CWE-416

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Plan

Add it to your regular patch cycle.

CVSS: 28 / 40 · 7.0 / 10
CISA KEV: 30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS: 1 / 30 · 1.8%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: active
Automatable: no
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: —
CNA · microsoft: 7.0; NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Mar 11, 2025. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Apr 1, 2025.

Get told when this record changes

In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
Weaponized exploit exists
A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

ProductVersion

Vendor	Product	CPE
microsoft	windows 10 1507	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507
microsoft	windows 10 1607	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607
microsoft	windows server 2008	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008
microsoft	windows server 2012	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012
microsoft	windows server 2016	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

microsoft windows server 2008all versions
microsoft windows server 2008r2
microsoft windows server 2012all versions
microsoft windows server 2012r2
microsoft windows server 2016before 10.0.14393.7876

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (microsoft). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507
- 10.0.10240.0 and later · before 10.0.10240.20947affected
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607
- 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.7876affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1
- 6.1.7601.0 and later · before 6.1.7601.27618affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)
- 6.1.7601.0 and later · before 6.1.7601.27618affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2
- 6.0.6003.0 and later · before 6.0.6003.23168affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)
- 6.0.6003.0 and later · before 6.0.6003.23168affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2012
- 6.2.9200.0 and later · before 6.2.9200.25368affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)
- 6.2.9200.0 and later · before 6.2.9200.25368affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2
- 6.3.9600.0 and later · before 6.3.9600.22470affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)
- 6.3.9600.0 and later · before 6.3.9600.22470affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2016
- 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.7876affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)
- 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.7876affected

Same product

microsoft: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2021-34527Windows Print Spooler Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
95Now
CVE-2021-40444Microsoft MSHTML Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
94Now
CVE-2025-33053Internet Shortcut Files Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
91Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2025-24071Mar 11, 2025 · Microsoft Windows File Explorer Spoofing Vulnerability
33Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2025-24072Mar 11, 2025 · Microsoft Local Security Authority (LSA) Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
31Monitor
Later →CVE-2025-24984Mar 11, 2025 · Windows NTFS Information Disclosure VulnerabilityKEV
49Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems	10.0.10240.20947 · KB5053618	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows 10 for x64-based Systems	10.0.10240.20947 · KB5053618	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems	10.0.14393.7876 · KB5053594	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems	10.0.14393.7876 · KB5053594	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2	6.0.6003.23168 · KB5053888	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)	6.0.6003.23168 · KB5053888	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2	6.0.6003.23168 · KB5053888	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)	6.0.6003.23168 · KB5053888	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1	6.1.7601.27618 · KB5053620	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)	6.1.7601.27618 · KB5053620	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2012	6.2.9200.25368 · KB5053886	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)	6.2.9200.25368 · KB5053886	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2012 R2	6.3.9600.22470 · KB5053887	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)	6.3.9600.22470 · KB5053887	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2016	10.0.14393.7876 · KB5053594	Microsoft (MSRC)
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)	10.0.14393.7876 · KB5053594	Microsoft (MSRC)

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

CISA KEVMar 11, 2025-1 d
PublishedMar 11, 2025
TodayNov 10, 2026+609 d

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

CVE-2024-38193210 days apartWindows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV
70This week
CVE-2025-2982428 days apartWindows Common Log File System Driver Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV
67This week
CVE-2025-3270963 days apartWindows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV
62This week
CVE-2025-2129856 days apartWindows OLE Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
61This week
CVE-2025-3270163 days apartWindows Common Log File System Driver Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV
61This week
CVE-2024-38107210 days apartWindows Power Dependency Coordinator Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV
61This week

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
A low-privileged account is enough.
No user action is required.
Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Local
Attack complexity: High
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-416 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1free(dev->buf);
2/* ... another thread is still running ... */
3process(dev->buf);

Fixed

1lock(&dev->lock);
2free(dev->buf);
3dev->buf = NULL;
4unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Oct 2, 2026, 3:30 AM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24983

Show all references (1 more)

www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-24983

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records