CVE-2025-32709: Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Noroxi assessment
Priority: This week (action score 62/100)
- CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (May 13, 2025). Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Jun 3, 2025.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.8% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 78.6% of all records.
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- Fixed version: Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.10240.21014; Windows 10 for x64-based Systems 10.0.10240.21014; Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.14393.8066.
Don’t wait for the next maintenance window. Upgrade to Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.10240.21014; Windows 10 for x64-based Systems 10.0.10240.21014; Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems 10.0.14393.8066 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS
Null pointer dereference in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
- Published
- May 13, 2025
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 1.8% · 78th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-416
Report tools
Action score
62
This week
Don’t wait for the next maintenance window.
- CVSS
- 31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 30 / 30 · Listed
- EPSS
- 1 / 30 · 1.8%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- active
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- total
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · microsoft
- 7.8
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Actively exploited in the wild
CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on May 13, 2025. That signals real attacks, not theory.
Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Jun 3, 2025.
Get told when this record changes
- In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
- Weaponized exploit exists
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| microsoft | windows 10 1507 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507 |
| microsoft | windows 10 1607 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607 |
| microsoft | windows 10 1809 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809 |
| microsoft | windows 10 21h2 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2 |
| microsoft | windows 10 22h2 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2 |
| microsoft | windows 11 22h2 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2 |
| microsoft | windows 11 23h2 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2 |
| microsoft | windows 11 24h2 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2 |
| microsoft | windows server 2008 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008 |
| microsoft | windows server 2012 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012 |
| microsoft | windows server 2016 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016 |
| microsoft | windows server 2019 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019 |
and 3 more
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- microsoft windows server 2008all versions
- microsoft windows server 2008r2
- microsoft windows server 2012all versions
- microsoft windows server 2012r2
- microsoft windows server 2016before 10.0.14393.8066
- microsoft windows server 2019before 10.0.17763.7314
- microsoft windows server 2022before 10.0.20348.3692
- microsoft windows server 2022 23h2before 10.0.25398.1611
- microsoft windows server 2025before 10.0.26100.3981
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (microsoft). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507
- 10.0.10240.0 and later · before 10.0.10240.21014affected
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607
- 10.0.14393.0 and later · before 10.0.14393.8066affected
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809
- 10.0.17763.0 and later · before 10.0.17763.7314affected
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H2
- 10.0.19044.0 and later · before 10.0.19044.5854affected
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2
- 10.0.19045.0 and later · before 10.0.19045.5854affected
Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H2
- 10.0.22621.0 and later · before 10.0.22621.5335affected
Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H3
- 10.0.22631.0 and later · before 10.0.22631.5335affected
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2
- 10.0.22631.0 and later · before 10.0.22631.5335affected
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2
- 10.0.26100.0 and later · before 10.0.26100.4061affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1
- 6.1.7601.0 and later · before 6.1.7601.27730affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)
- 6.1.7601.0 and later · before 6.1.7601.27730affected
Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2
- 6.0.6003.0 and later · before 6.0.6003.23317affected
Same product
microsoft: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2021-34527Windows Print Spooler Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV95Now
- CVE-2021-40444Microsoft MSHTML Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV94Now
- CVE-2025-33053Internet Shortcut Files Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV91Now
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2025-32706May 13, 2025 · Windows Common Log File System Driver Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV62This week
- ← EarlierCVE-2025-32707May 13, 2025 · NTFS Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability31Monitor
- Later →CVE-2025-24065Jun 10, 2025 · Windows Storage Management Provider Information Disclosure Vulnerability22Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems | 10.0.10240.21014 · KB5058387 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 10 for x64-based Systems | 10.0.10240.21014 · KB5058387 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems | 10.0.14393.8066 · KB5058383 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems | 10.0.14393.8066 · KB5058383 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems | 10.0.17763.7314 · KB5058392 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems | 10.0.17763.7314 · KB5058392 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems | 10.0.19044.5854 · KB5058379 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems | 10.0.19044.5854 · KB5058379 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems | 10.0.19044.5854 · KB5058379 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems | 10.0.19045.5854 · KB5058379 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems | 10.0.19045.5854 · KB5058379 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems | 10.0.19045.5854 · KB5058379 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 11 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems | 10.0.22621.5335 · KB5058405 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems | 10.0.22621.5335 · KB5058405 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 11 Version 23H2 for ARM64-based Systems | 10.0.22631.5335 · KB5058405 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 11 Version 23H2 for x64-based Systems | 10.0.22631.5335 · KB5058405 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems | 10.0.26100.3981 · KB5058497 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems | 10.0.26100.4061 · KB5058411 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems | 10.0.26100.3981 · KB5058497 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems | 10.0.26100.4061 · KB5058411 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 | 6.0.6003.23317 · KB5061198 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) | 6.0.6003.23317 · KB5061198 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 | 6.0.6003.23317 · KB5061198 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) | 6.0.6003.23317 · KB5061198 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 | 6.1.7601.27730 · KB5061196 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) | 6.1.7601.27730 · KB5061196 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows Server 2012 | 6.2.9200.25475 · KB5058451 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) | 6.2.9200.25475 · KB5058451 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 | 6.3.9600.22577 · KB5058403 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) | 6.3.9600.22577 · KB5058403 | Microsoft (MSRC) |
+12
Exploit status
Weaponized
A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.
Evidence
- Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1
Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.
| Source | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:0 | 2025-09-04 |
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
- CISA KEV-1 d
- Published
- First PoC+113 d
- TodayOct 28, 2026+533 d
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
- CVE-2024-38193273 days apartWindows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV70This week
- CVE-2025-2982435 days apartWindows Common Log File System Driver Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV67This week
- CVE-2025-327010 days apartWindows Common Log File System Driver Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV61This week
- CVE-2025-21298119 days apartWindows OLE Remote Code Execution Vulnerability61This week
- CVE-2024-38107273 days apartWindows Power Dependency Coordinator Elevation of Privilege VulnerabilityKEV61This week
- CVE-2023-35628518 days apartWindows MSHTML Platform Remote Code Execution Vulnerability60This week
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-416 · Use After FreeCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-secondary
Root cause
After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.
The bug in code
The whole CWE-416 classA representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.
Vulnerable
free(dev->buf);
/* ... another thread is still running ... */
process(dev->buf);Fixed
lock(&dev->lock);
free(dev->buf);
dev->buf = NULL;
unlock(&dev->lock);Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
Show all references (1 more)Show less
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.