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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

CVE-2025-23157: media: venus: hfi_parser: add check to avoid out of bound access

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.22% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 172bf5a9ef70a399bb227809db78442dc01d9e48, 1ad6aa1464b8a5ce5c194458315021e8d216108e, 26bbedd06d85770581fda5d78e78539bb088fad1; azl3 kernel 6.6.85.1-4 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.92.2-1; azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.92.2-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 172bf5a9ef70a399bb227809db78442dc01d9e48, 1ad6aa1464b8a5ce5c194458315021e8d216108e, 26bbedd06d85770581fda5d78e78539bb088fad1; azl3 kernel 6.6.85.1-4 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.92.2-1; azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 6.6.92.2-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: venus: hfi_parser: add check to avoid out of bound access There is a possibility that init_codecs is invoked multiple times during manipulated payload from video firmware. In such case, if codecs_count can get incremented to value more than MAX_CODEC_NUM, there can be OOB access. Reset the count so that it always starts from beginning.

HighCVSS 7.1 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
May 1, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 13th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

28

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
28 / 40 · 7.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
7.1
CNA · Linux
7.8
0.7 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-23157

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • debian debian linux11.0
  • linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.237
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.181
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.135
  • linux linux kernel4.19 and later · before 5.4.293
  • linux linux kernel6.7 and later · before 6.12.24
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.13.12
  • linux linux kernel6.14 and later · before 6.14.3
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.6.88

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 4.19affected
    • 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda and later · before e5133a0b25463674903fdc0528e0a29b7267130eaffected · git
    • 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda and later · before 2b8b9ea4e26a501eb220ea189e42b4527e65bdfaaffected · git
    • 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda and later · before 1ad6aa1464b8a5ce5c194458315021e8d216108eaffected · git
    • 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda and later · before 26bbedd06d85770581fda5d78e78539bb088fad1affected · git
    • 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda and later · before d4d88ece4ba91df5b02f1d3f599650f9e9fc0f45affected · git
    • 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda and later · before 53e376178ceacca3ef1795038b22fc9ef45ff1d3affected · git
    • 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda and later · before b2541e29d82da8a0df728aadec3e0a8db55d517baffected · git
    • 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda and later · before cb5be9039f91979f8a2fac29f529f746d7848f3eaffected · git
    • 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda and later · before 172bf5a9ef70a399bb227809db78442dc01d9e48affected · git

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.135-16.1.135-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.25-16.12.25-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-31431crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-placeKEV
    90Now
  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-23155May 1, 2025 · net: stmmac: Fix accessing freed irq affinity_hint
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-23156May 1, 2025 · media: venus: hfi_parser: refactor hfi packet parsing logic
    28Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-23158May 1, 2025 · media: venus: hfi: add check to handle incorrect queue size
    31Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux172bf5a9ef70a399bb227809db78442dc01d9e48Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux1ad6aa1464b8a5ce5c194458315021e8d216108eVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux26bbedd06d85770581fda5d78e78539bb088fad1Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux2b8b9ea4e26a501eb220ea189e42b4527e65bdfaVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux53e376178ceacca3ef1795038b22fc9ef45ff1d3Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxb2541e29d82da8a0df728aadec3e0a8db55d517bVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxcb5be9039f91979f8a2fac29f529f746d7848f3eVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxd4d88ece4ba91df5b02f1d3f599650f9e9fc0f45Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxe5133a0b25463674903fdc0528e0a29b7267130eVendor (CNA)
azl3 kernel 6.6.85.1-4 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.92.2-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 kernel 6.6.92.2-1 on Azure Linux 3.06.6.92.2-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
debian:linux6.1.135-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds Read

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (10 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records