NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2025-22605: Coolify OS Command Injection Vulnerability in SSH Command Generation

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 34/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.51% (FIRST EPSS).
Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
No fixed version is recorded, but the references include a patch (commit or PR) link.

Low priority for now. See the fix and affected versions sections below.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Coolify is an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. Starting in version 4.0.0-beta.18 and prior to 4.0.0-beta.253, a vulnerability in the execution of commands on remote servers allows an authenticated user to execute arbitrary code on the local Coolify container, gaining access to data and private keys or tokens of other users/teams. The ability to inject malicious commands into the Coolify container gives authenticated attackers the ability to fully retrieve and control the data and availability of the software. Centrally hosted Coolify instances (open registration and/or multiple teams with potentially untrustworthy users) are especially at risk, as sensitive data of all users and connected servers can be leaked by any user. Additionally, attackers are able to modify the running software, potentially deploying malicious images to remote nodes or generally changing its behavior. Version 4.0.0-beta.253 patches this issue.

HighCVSS 8.5 · v4.0—No exploit No fix recorded

Published: Jan 24, 2025
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 0.5% · 44th percentile
CWE: CWE-78

Report tools

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Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 34 / 40 · 8.5 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.5%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: proof of concept
Automatable: no
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: —
CNA · GitHub_M: 8.5; NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:P

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
No public exploit code on record
No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Is your version affected? Check it

Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
coollabs	coolify	cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

coollabs coolify4.0.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

coollabsio coolify
- >= 4.0.0-beta.18, < 4.0.0-beta.253affected

Same product

coollabs: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2025-22612Coolify Vulnerable to Private Key Enumeration on Onboarding resulting in Remote Command Execution (RCE)
40Plan
CVE-2025-22609Coolify Vulnerable to Private Key Hijacking / Remote Command Execution (RCE)
40Plan
CVE-2025-22611Coolify vulnerable to Privilege Escalation resulting in Remote Command Execution (RCE)
39Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

Later →CVE-2025-22606Jan 24, 2025 · Coolify Command Injection Vulnerability in Project Name
34Monitor
Later →CVE-2025-22607Jan 24, 2025 · Coolify Vulnerable to GitHub / GitLab OAuth Secrets Leak
18Monitor
Later →CVE-2025-22608Jan 24, 2025 · Coolify Vulnerable to Revocation of Arbitrary Team Invitations (DOS)
26Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

CVE-2025-66210333 days apartCoolify Vulnerable to Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Command Injection in Database Import
38Monitor
CVE-2025-66211333 days apartCoolify Vulnerable to Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Command Injection in PostgreSQL Init Script Filename
38Monitor
CVE-2025-66212333 days apartCoolify Vulnerable to Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Command Injection in Dynamic Proxy Configuration Filename
38Monitor
CVE-2025-66213333 days apartCoolify Vulnerable to Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Command Injection in File Storage Directory Mount Path
38Monitor
CVE-2025-59156346 days apartCoolify has Docker Compose Injection issue
37Monitor
CVE-2025-66209333 days apartCoolify Vulnerable to Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Command Injection in Database Backup
36Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
A low-privileged account is enough.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability

Attack vector: Local
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Root cause

User input is inserted as text into a shell command. The shell may interpret special characters in the input as part of the command.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-78 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1const host = req.body.host;
2exec("ping -c 1 " + host, onResult);

Fixed

1const host = req.body.host;
2if (!/^[a-z0-9.-]{1,253}$/i.test(host)) return res.sendStatus(400);
3execFile("ping", ["-c", "1", host], onResult);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

github.com/coollabsio/coolify/blob/40a239ddda3fc919f57a052d7b52b8e1a6696b81/bootstrap/helpers/remoteProcess.php#L70

Show all references (3 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records